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Evaluating genetic and environmental controls on silicon accumulation in Populus trichocarpa leaves

Journal Article · · Plant and Soil
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]
  1. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  2. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Appalachian State University, Boone, NC (United States)
  3. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)
  4. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC (United States)
Background and aims: Silicon (Si) accumulation and formation of non-crystalline silica particles (phytoliths) inside plant cells contribute to plant function, soil carbon storage, and Si reservoirs in soils. A better understanding of how genetic and environmental factors control Si accumulation may improve understanding of Si cycling between plants and soil and its impacts on other ecosystem processes. Methods: This study examined how genetic potential for Si uptake and silicification translated to Si concentrations and phytolith formation in Populus trichocarpa leaves. Leaves were collected from four different genotypes of cultivated poplar trees that were grown in a common garden and possess established differences in leaf-level gene expression related to Si transport and silicification. Scanning electron microscopy and subsequent image analysis were used to quantify Si concentrations and phytolith abundance and features. Results: Phytoliths were identified in nearly all leaves but were often absent at very low (< 0.5 wt.%) Si concentrations at the leaf surface. The proportion of leaf area occupied by phytoliths increased as Si content increased. Silicon content and phytolith abundance at the leaf surface did not vary across genotypes, but surface Si was weakly correlated with plant available Si in soil. Conclusion: Phytoliths were prevalent in P. trichocarpa leaves; however, the genetic potential for Si uptake and silicification at the leaf-level poorly predicted foliar Si and phytolith abundance. Uniformly low expression of Si uptake genes in the roots may have reduced differences across genotypes. Consequently, Si accumulation in leaves was likely more strongly influenced by soil Si bioavailability, phenology, or additional environmental factors.
Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
3002668
Journal Information:
Plant and Soil, Journal Name: Plant and Soil Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 515; ISSN 1573-5036; ISSN 0032-079X
Publisher:
Springer NatureCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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