A Digital Twin of Scalable Quantum Clouds

Conference · Sun Jun 01 04:00:00 EDT 2025

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1145/3726301.3732296· OSTI ID:3002253

Luo, Waylon ^[1]; Baheri, Betis ^[2]; Humble, Travis ^[3]; Zhao, Jiapeng ^[4]; Zhan, Tong ^[5]; Maharjan, Rajan ^[1]; Guan, Qiang ^[1]

---

1. Kent State University
2. University of Trento, Italy
3. ORNL
4. Cisco Systems, Inc.
5. Meta, Inc

Quantum computing has emerged as a transformative technology capable of solving complex problems beyond the limit of classical systems. The rapid development of quantum processors has led to the proliferation of cloud-based quantum computing services offered by platforms such as IBM, Google, and Amazon. These platforms introduce unique challenges in resource allocation, job scheduling, and multi-device orchestration as quantum workloads become increasingly complex. In this work, we present a digital twin of quantum cloud infrastructures: a framework designed to model and simulate the behavior of real quantum cloud systems. Developed in Python using the SimPy discrete-event simulation library, the framework replicates key aspects of quantum cloud environments, including detailed quantum device modeling, job lifecycle management, and job fidelity. It incorporates noise-aware fidelity estimation, making it the first of its kind to simulate superconducting gate-based quantum cloud systems at an administrative level with job fidelity. We present use cases as proof of concept, demonstrating that our quantum cloud simulation framework can act as a digital twin of a quantum cloud and support the modeling and implementation of practical systems.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• DOE Contract Number: AC05-00OR22725
• OSTI ID: 3002253
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English