Martensitic transformation induced strength-ductility synergy in additively manufactured maraging 250 steel by thermal history engineering

Mooraj, Shahryar; Feng, Shuai; Luebbe, Matthew; Register, Matthew; Liu, Jian; Li, Tianyi; Yavas, Baris; Schmidt, David P.; Priddy, Matthew W.; Nicholas, Michael B.; Champagne, Victor K.; Aindow, Mark; Wen, Haiming; Chen, Wen

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2024.05.062

Martensitic transformation induced strength-ductility synergy in additively manufactured maraging 250 steel by thermal history engineering

Journal Article · Sat Jun 22 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Journal of Materials Science and Technology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.05.062· OSTI ID:3001934

Mooraj, Shahryar ^[1]; Feng, Shuai ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[1]; Li, Tianyi ^[4]; ^[5]; ^[1]; Priddy, Matthew W. ^[3]; Nicholas, Michael B. ^[6]; Champagne, Victor K. ^[6]; ^[5]; ^[2]; ^[1]

Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA (United States)
Missouri Univ. of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO (United States)
Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS (United States)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States)
US Dept. of Homeland Security (DHS), Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD (United States). DEVCOM Chemical Biological Center

Maraging steels are known for their exceptional strength but suffer from limited work hardening and ductility. Here, in this study, we report an intermittent printing strategy to tailor the microstructure and mechanical properties of maraging 250 steel via tuning the thermal history during wire-arc directed energy deposition. By introducing a dwell time between adjacent layers, the maraging 250 steel is cooled below the martensite start temperature, triggering thermally-driven martensitic transformation during the printing process. Thermal cycling during subsequent layer deposition results in the formation of reverted austenite which shows a refined microstructure and induces elemental segregation between martensite and reverted austenite. The Ni enrichment in the austenite promotes stabilization of the reverted austenite upon cooling to room temperature. The reverted austenite is metastable during deformation, leading to strain-induced martensitic transformation under loading. Specifically, a 3 min interlayer dwell time produces a maraging 250 steel with approximately 8% reverted austenite, resulting in improved work hardening via martensitic transformation induced plasticity during deformation. Meanwhile, the higher cooling rate and refined prior austenite grains lead to substantially refined martensitic grains (by approximately fivefold) together with an increased dislocation density. With 3 min interlayer dwell time, the yield strength of the printed maraging 250 steel increases from 836 MPa to 990 MPa, and the uniform elongation is doubled from 3.2% to 6.5%. This intermittent deposition strategy demonstrates the potential to tune the microstructure of maraging steels for achieving strength-ductility synergy by engineering the thermal history during additive manufacturing.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF); National Science Foundation (NSF); US Army Research Laboratory (USARL)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 3001934

Journal Information:: Journal of Materials Science and Technology, Journal Name: Journal of Materials Science and Technology Vol. 211; ISSN 1005-0302

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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