Decomposing causality into its synergistic, unique, and redundant components

Martínez-Sánchez, Álvaro; Arranz, Gonzalo; Lozano-Durán, Adrián

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-53373-4

Decomposing causality into its synergistic, unique, and redundant components

Journal Article · Fri Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53373-4· OSTI ID:3000741

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Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)

Causality lies at the heart of scientific inquiry, serving as the fundamental basis for understanding interactions among variables in physical systems. Despite its central role, current methods for causal inference face significant challenges due to nonlinear dependencies, stochastic interactions, self-causation, collider effects, and influences from exogenous factors, among others. While existing methods can effectively address some of these challenges, no single approach has successfully integrated all these aspects. Here, we address these challenges with SURD: Synergistic-Unique-Redundant Decomposition of causality. SURD quantifies causality as the increments of redundant, unique, and synergistic information gained about future events from past observations. The formulation is non-intrusive and applicable to both computational and experimental investigations, even when samples are scarce. We benchmark SURD in scenarios that pose significant challenges for causal inference and demonstrate that it offers a more reliable quantification of causality compared to previous methods.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003993

OSTI ID:: 3000741

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 15; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Springer Science and Business Media LLCCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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