Growth of High-Purity CsPbBr3 Crystals for Enhanced Gamma-Ray Detection

Chung, Duck Young; Lin, Wenwen; Unal, Mustafa; Phan, Quoc Vuong; Pandey, Indra R.; Vitt, Richard; He, Yihui; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.

doi:10.1021/acs.cgd.4c01109

Growth of High-Purity CsPbBr₃ Crystals for Enhanced Gamma-Ray Detection

Journal Article · Tue Nov 05 00:00:00 EST 2024 · Crystal Growth and Design

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.4c01109· OSTI ID:2999989

^[1]; ^[2]; Unal, Mustafa ^[1]; Phan, Quoc Vuong ^[2]; Pandey, Indra R. ^[2]; Vitt, Richard ^[1]; ^[3]; ^[2]

Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)

High-quality CsPbBr₃ crystals hold significant potential for gamma-ray detection due to their remarkable optoelectronic properties. This study details an optimized production process using the Bridgman method to achieve highly pure CsPbBr₃ crystals. By implementing rigorous synthesis and purification techniques, we successfully reduced the total impurity levels to 9 ppm, as confirmed by glow discharge mass spectroscopy (GDMS). The resulting CsPbBr₃ crystals demonstrate exceptional performance, including high transparency, intense photoemission, and prolonged photoluminescence decay times. These properties facilitate superior gamma-ray detection with an energy resolution of 1.4% for the ¹³⁷Cs 662 keV gamma-rays, comparable to commercial Cd_1-xZn_xTe (CZT) detectors. Our findings underscore the critical relationship between material purity and detector performance, highlighting the potential of CsPbBr₃ as a cost-effective alternative in radiation detection applications. Further studies on defect origins and electronic states are necessary to fully leverage the capabilities of CsPbBr₃ crystals in practical high-energy radiation detection systems.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; SC0020126

OSTI ID:: 2999989

Journal Information:: Crystal Growth and Design, Journal Name: Crystal Growth and Design Journal Issue: 22 Vol. 24; ISSN 1528-7505; ISSN 1528-7483

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (62)

Sensitivity and Detection Limit of Spectroscopic‐Grade Perovskite CsPbBr ₃ Crystal for Hard X‐Ray Detection He, Yihui; Hadar, Ido; De Siena, Michael C. Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 32, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202112925	journal	March 2022
Unique Properties of Halide Perovskites as Possible Origins of the Superior Solar Cell Performance Yin, Wan-Jian; Shi, Tingting; Yan, Yanfa Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201306281	journal	May 2014
Halide Perovskites: Poor Man's High-Performance Semiconductors Stoumpos, Constantinos C.; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201600265	journal	May 2016
Ultrahigh‐Flux X‐ray Detection by a Solution‐Grown Perovskite CsPbBr₃ Single‐Crystal Semiconductor Detector Pan, Lei; Liu, Zhifu; Welton, Claire Advanced Materials, Vol. 35, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202211840	journal	April 2023
Extreme γ‐Ray Radiation Tolerance of Spectrometer‐Grade CsPbBr₃ Perovskite Detectors De Siena, Michael C.; Klepov, Vladislav V.; Stepanoff, Sergei P. Advanced Materials, Vol. 35, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202303244	journal	July 2023
Ultralarge All-Inorganic Perovskite Bulk Single Crystal for High-Performance Visible-Infrared Dual-Modal Photodetectors Song, Jizhong; Cui, Qingzhi; Li, Jianhai Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201700157	journal	May 2017
Perovskite CsPbBr ₃ Single‐Crystal Detector Operating at 10 ¹⁰ Photons s ⁻¹ mm ⁻² for Ultra‐High Flux X‐ray Detection Pan, Lei; Pandey, Indra Raj; Miceli, Antonino Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202202946	journal	January 2023
High‐Performance Industrial‐Grade CsPbBr₃ Single Crystal by Solid–Liquid Interface Engineering Sun, Qihao; Ge, Bangzhi; Xiao, Bao Advanced Science, Vol. 10, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202302236	journal	June 2023
Bandgap-Tunable Cesium Lead Halide Perovskites with High Thermal Stability for Efficient Solar Cells Sutton, Rebecca J.; Eperon, Giles E.; Miranda, Laura Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201502458	journal	February 2016
Impact of iodide substitution on the physical properties and stability of cesium lead halide perovskite thin films CsPbBr3−xIx (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) Atourki, Lahoucine; Vega, Erika; Mollar, Miguel Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 702 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.01.205	journal	April 2017
Growth by the Multi-tube Physical Vapour Transport method and characterisation of bulk (Cd,Zn)Te Choubey, A.; Veeramani, P.; Pym, A. T. G. Journal of Crystal Growth, Vol. 352, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2012.03.005	journal	August 2012
Zero-dimensional cesium lead halide perovskites: Phase transformations, hybrid structures, and applications Thumu, Udayabhaskararao; Piotrowski, Marek; Owens-Baird, Bryan Journal of Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 271 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2019.01.005	journal	March 2019
Purification and optical properties of TlBr crystals Yu, Shijin; Zhou, Dongxiang; Gong, Shuping Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 602, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2009.01.022	journal	April 2009
Continued development of thallium bromide and related compounds for gamma-ray spectrometers Kim, H.; Churilov, A.; Ciampi, G. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 629, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.10.097	journal	February 2011
Impurity segregation in zone-refined precursors for crystalline halide scintillators Swider, S.; Lam, S.; Motakef, S. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 784 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2014.11.048	journal	June 2015
Preparation of highly efficient and stable CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells based on an anti-solvent rinsing strategy Yan, Jiahao; Hou, Shaochuan; Li, Xiaoyan Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 234 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2021.111420	journal	January 2022
Investigation of Te inclusions in CdZnTe crystalline material using Raman spectroscopy and IR techniques Min, Jiahua; Liang, Xiaoyan; Chen, Jun Vacuum, Vol. 86, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2011.11.009	journal	February 2012
The Renaissance of Halide Perovskites and Their Evolution as Emerging Semiconductors Stoumpos, Constantinos C.; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 48, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00229	journal	September 2015
Low-Temperature Solution-Grown CsPbBr ₃ Single Crystals and Their Characterization Rakita, Yevgeny; Kedem, Nir; Gupta, Satyajit Crystal Growth & Design, Vol. 16, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.6b00764	journal	September 2016
Precursor Engineering for Solution Method-Grown Spectroscopy-Grade CsPbBr₃ Crystals with High Energy Resolution Wang, Fangbao; Bai, Ruichen; Sun, Qihao Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 34, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00071	journal	April 2022
Stable Orthorhombic CsPbBr₃ Light Emitters: Encapsulation-Assisted In Situ Synthesis Park, Jinwoo; Jang, Kyung Yeon; Lee, Song Hee Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 35, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c00732	journal	August 2023
Solution-Grown CsPbBr ₃ Perovskite Single Crystals for Photon Detection Dirin, Dmitry N.; Cherniukh, Ihor; Yakunin, Sergii Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b04298	journal	November 2016
Tunable Optoelectronic Properties of CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanocrystals for Photodetectors Applications Suhail, Atif; Saini, Ankush; Beniwal, Shivang The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 127, Issue 34 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c04856	journal	August 2023
How Important Is the Organic Part of Lead Halide Perovskite Photovoltaic Cells? Efficient CsPbBr ₃ Cells Kulbak, Michael; Cahen, David; Hodes, Gary The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00968	journal	June 2015
Photoresponse of CsPbBr ₃ and Cs ₄ PbBr ₆ Perovskite Single Crystals Cha, Ji-Hyun; Han, Jae Hoon; Yin, Wenping The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02763	journal	January 2017
High Defect Tolerance in Lead Halide Perovskite CsPbBr ₃ Kang, Jun; Wang, Lin-Wang The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02800	journal	January 2017
Zero-Dimensional Cesium Lead Halides: History, Properties, and Challenges Akkerman, Quinten A.; Abdelhady, Ahmed L.; Manna, Liberato The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00572	journal	April 2018
Terahertz Conductivity within Colloidal CsPbBr ₃ Perovskite Nanocrystals: Remarkably High Carrier Mobilities and Large Diffusion Lengths Yettapu, Gurivi Reddy; Talukdar, Debnath; Sarkar, Sohini Nano Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01168	journal	July 2016
Analytical Evaluation of Lead Iodide Precursor Impurities Affecting Halide Perovskite Device Performance Kerner, Ross A.; Christensen, Earl D.; Harvey, Steven P. ACS Applied Energy Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.2c02842	journal	December 2022
Laser Scribing for Electrode Patterning of Perovskite Spectrometer-Grade CsPbBr₃ Gamma-ray Detectors Klepov, Vladislav V.; De Siena, Michael C.; Pandey, Indra R. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 15, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c01212	journal	March 2023
Pure Cs ₄ PbBr ₆ : Highly Luminescent Zero-Dimensional Perovskite Solids Saidaminov, Makhsud I.; Almutlaq, Jawaher; Sarmah, Smritakshi ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 1, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00396	journal	September 2016
Large-Scale Thin CsPbBr ₃ Single-Crystal Film Grown on Sapphire via Chemical Vapor Deposition: Toward Laser Array Application Zhong, Yangguang; Liao, Kun; Du, Wenna ACS Nano, Vol. 14, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c06380	journal	November 2020
Enhancing Gamma-Ray Spectral Resolution in Perovskite CsPbBr₃ Detectors through Dark Current Reduction with Guard Ring Electrodes Shen, Nannan; Gao, Tingting; Ouyang, Xiao ACS Photonics, Vol. 11, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c00768	journal	August 2024
Crystal Growth of the Perovskite Semiconductor CsPbBr ₃ : A New Material for High-Energy Radiation Detection Stoumpos, Constantinos C.; Malliakas, Christos D.; Peters, John A. Crystal Growth & Design, Vol. 13, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/cg400645t	journal	June 2013
Organometal Halide Perovskites as Visible-Light Sensitizers for Photovoltaic Cells Kojima, Akihiro; Teshima, Kenjiro; Shirai, Yasuo Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 131, Issue 17, p. 6050-6051 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja809598r	journal	May 2009
Phase transitions in ternary caesium lead bromide Rodová, M.; Brožek, J.; Knížek, K. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, Vol. 71, Issue 2, p. 667-673 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022836800820	journal	January 2003
Efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by vapour deposition Liu, Mingzhen; Johnston, Michael B.; Snaith, Henry J. Nature, Vol. 501, Issue 7467, p. 395-398 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12509	journal	September 2013
High spectral resolution of gamma-rays at room temperature by perovskite CsPbBr3 single crystals He, Yihui; Matei, Liviu; Jung, Hee Joon Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04073-3	journal	April 2018
CsPbBr3 perovskite detectors with 1.4% energy resolution for high-energy γ-rays He, Yihui; Petryk, Matthew; Liu, Zhifu Nature Photonics, Vol. 15, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-020-00727-1	journal	December 2020
On the crystal structure of colloidally prepared CsPbBr ₃ quantum dots Cottingham, Patrick; Brutchey, Richard L. Chemical Communications, Vol. 52, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6CC01088A	journal	January 2016
Shape and phase evolution from CsPbBr ₃ perovskite nanocubes to tetragonal CsPb ₂ Br ₅ nanosheets with an indirect bandgap Li, Guopeng; Wang, Hui; Zhu, Zhifeng Chemical Communications, Vol. 52, Issue 75 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6CC05877A	journal	January 2016
CsPbBr₃ perovskite nanocrystals as highly selective and sensitive spectrochemical probes for gaseous HCl detection Chen, Xiao; Hu, Huawei; Xia, Zhaoming Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 5, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TC04136A	journal	January 2017
Growth and characterization of all-inorganic lead halide perovskite semiconductor CsPbBr ₃ single crystals Zhang, Mingzhi; Zheng, Zhiping; Fu, Qiuyun CrystEngComm, Vol. 19, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7CE01709J	journal	January 2017
All-inorganic CsPbBr ₃ perovskite: a promising choice for photovoltaics Ullah, Saad; Wang, Jiaming; Yang, Peixin Materials Advances, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/D0MA00866D	journal	January 2021
Perovskite CsPbBr₃ crystals: growth and applications Yu, Jiaoxian; Liu, Guangxia; Chen, Chengmin Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 8, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1039/D0TC00922A	journal	January 2020
Ferroelastic domains and phase transitions in organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite CH₃NH₃PbBr₃ Bari, Maryam; Bokov, Alexei A.; Ye, Zuo-Guang Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 9, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/D0TC05618A	journal	January 2021
Evolution of ferroelectric domain patterns in BaTiO₃ at the orthorhombic ↔ tetragonal phase transition Limboeck, T.; Soergel, E. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4897361	journal	October 2014
Purification of CdZnTe by electromigration Kim, K.; Kim, Sangsu; Hong, Jinki Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 117, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4917460	journal	April 2015
Thermal stability of CsPbBr 3 perovskite as revealed by in situ transmission electron microscopy Zhang, Chao; Fernando, Joseph F. S.; Firestein, Konstantin L. APL Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5108849	journal	July 2019
Investigation of defects in melt and solution grown perovskite CsPbBr3 single crystals Liu, Zhifu; Peters, John A.; Pan, Lei Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0142802	journal	March 2023
Study of perovskite CsPbBr3 detector polarization and its mitigation with ultrahigh x-ray flux Pan, Lei; Pandey, Indra Raj; Liu, Zhifu Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 133, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0151902	journal	May 2023
Excitonic emissions and above-band-gap luminescence in the single-crystal perovskite semiconductors CsPbB r 3 and CsPbC l 3 Sebastian, M.; Peters, J. A.; Stoumpos, C. C. Physical Review B, Vol. 92, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.92.235210	journal	December 2015
Perovskite CsPbBr₃ Room Temperature Radiation Detectors in Electron Collection Mode Ünal, M.; Pandey, I. R.; Karki, S. 2024 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS), Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) and Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Conference (RTSD) https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC/RTSD57108.2024.10656332	conference	October 2024
Characterization of Traveling Heater Method (THM) Grown ${\hbox{Cd}}_{0.9}{\hbox{Zn}}_{0.1}{\hbox{Te}}$ Crystals Chen, Henry; Awadalla, Salah A.; Mackenzie, Jason IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Vol. 54, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2007.902369	journal	August 2007
The Influence of Light Anion Impurities Upon SrI₂(Eu) Scintillator Crystals Swider, S. E.; Lam, S.; Datta, A. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Vol. 63, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2016.2622059	journal	December 2016
Long-Range Balanced Electron- and Hole-Transport Lengths in Organic-Inorganic CH₃NH₃PbI₃ Xing, G.; Mathews, N.; Sun, S. Science, Vol. 342, Issue 6156, p. 344-347 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1243167	journal	October 2013
Electron-Hole Diffusion Lengths Exceeding 1 Micrometer in an Organometal Trihalide Perovskite Absorber Stranks, S. D.; Eperon, G. E.; Grancini, G. Science, Vol. 342, Issue 6156, p. 341-344 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1243982	journal	October 2013
Impurity Composition of High-Purity Solid Halides Lazukina, O. P.; Malyshev, K. K.; Volkova, E. N. Inorganic Materials, Vol. 55, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168519110098	journal	December 2019
Band gap of CdTe and Cd0.9Zn0.1Te crystals Kosyachenko, L. A.; Sklyarchuk, V. M.; Sklyarchuk, O. V. Semiconductors, Vol. 45, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063782611100137	journal	October 2011
Structural Phase Transitions in CsPbBr ₃ Hirotsu, Shunsuke; Harada, Jimpei; Iizumi, Masashi Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 37, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.37.1393	journal	November 1974
Ultrasonic Velocity around the Successive Phase Transition Points of CsPbBr₃ Hirotsu, Shunsuke; Suzuki, Tomonobu; Sawada, Shozo Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 43, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.43.575	journal	August 1977
Twin Domains in Organometallic Halide Perovskite Thin-Films Liu, Wei; Liu, Yang; Wang, Ju Crystals, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8050216	journal	May 2018

Similar Records

Perovskite CsPbBr₃ Single Crystal Detector for Alpha-Particle Spectroscopy.

Journal Article · Wed Jan 09 19:00:00 EST 2019 · Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment · OSTI ID:1494552

Cesium lead bromide semiconductor radiation detectors: crystal growth, detector performance and polarization

Journal Article · Wed Aug 10 20:00:00 EDT 2022 · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · OSTI ID:1883226

Simulation, Modeling, and Crystal Growth of Cd_0.9Zn_0.1Te for Nuclear Spectrometers

Journal Article · Sat Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 2005 · Journal of Electronic Materials · OSTI ID:1003604

Related Subjects

Bridgman
CsPbBr3
crystal growth
crystallization
crystals
impurities
materials
perovskite
purification
quality management
radiation detector
γ-ray detector

Growth of High-Purity CsPbBr3 Crystals for Enhanced Gamma-Ray Detection

Citation Formats

References (62)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Growth of High-Purity CsPbBr₃ Crystals for Enhanced Gamma-Ray Detection