Engine emissions and emissions measurement
Diesel engines provide several unique emission measurement challenges to deal with their non-gaseous exhaust emissions. Those emissions include exhaust particulates, black smoke, and white smoke during cold start. This collection of papers provides a basis for new and exciting knowledge and techniques for meeting these complex measurement challenges. Application of such techniques is essential for measuring understanding, and meeting the ever tightening levels legislated for non-gaseous emissions from diesel engines. Particulate exhaust emissions are a complex cocktail including elemental carbon, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, and inorganic compounds originating from the fuel and/or lubricant. New means are described for remotely determining the elemental carbon emissions in real time from the exhaust plumb during transient testing of engines or vehicles. A new on-line particulate measurement system looks very promising for rapidly determining the magnitude of elemental carbon and soluble organic fraction (SOF). In regard to the heavy hydrocarbons, three measuring methods for measuring the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are introduced and compared. Finally, for those measuring total particulate emissions using the EPA filter method, some important information on the effect of filter face velocity is revealed. In another work, the allusive problem of white smoke emissions during cold start is addressed. New measurement techniques quantifying white smoke during the first 200 cycles of firing after a cold start help pinpoint the sources of that pollutant. Methods of white-smoke control are then explored, including the effects of fuel properties, engine design, and operating conditions. All papers have been processed separately for inclusion on the data base.
- OSTI ID:
- 287750
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-960204--; ISBN 1-56091-791-9
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
AIR POLLUTION MONITORING
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
DIESEL ENGINES
DIESEL FUELS
EXHAUST GASES
FILTRATION
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
LEADING ABSTRACT
MEASURING METHODS
MEETINGS
NITROGEN OXIDES
POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
SMOKES
SOOT
SPARK IGNITION ENGINES
START-UP
UNLEADED GASOLINE