Simulation of multicomponent evaporation in electron beam melting and refining
- Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Experimental results and a mathematical model are presented to describe differential evaporation rates in electron beam melting of titanium alloys containing aluminum and vanadium. Experiments characterized the evaporation rate of commercially pure titanium, and vapor composition over titanium with up to 6% Al and 4.5% V content as a function of beam power, scan frequency and background pressure. The model is made up of a steady-state heat and mass transport model of a melting hearth and a model of transient thermal and flow behavior near the surface. Activity coefficients for aluminum and vanadium in titanium are roughly estimated by fitting model parameters to experimental results. Based on the ability to vary evaporation rate by 10-15% using scan frequency alone, we discuss the possibility of on-line composition control by means of intelligent manipulation of the electron beam.
- Research Organization:
- Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC04-94AL85000
- OSTI ID:
- 266367
- Report Number(s):
- SAND--96-1142C; CONF-960202--30; ON: DE96010557
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
66 PHYSICS
ALUMINIUM ALLOYS
BEAM DYNAMICS
BEAM SCANNERS
COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION
ELECTRON BEAM MELTING
ELECTRON BEAMS
HEAT TRANSFER
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
PHASE DIAGRAMS
PHASE STUDIES
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
PRESSURE DEPENDENCE
PROCESS CONTROL
TITANIUM ALLOYS
VANADIUM ALLOYS
VAPOR CONDENSATION