Net-proton fluctuations influenced by baryon stopping and quark deconfinement

Savchuk, Oleh

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.111.024913

Net-proton fluctuations influenced by baryon stopping and quark deconfinement

Journal Article · Wed Feb 26 00:00:00 EST 2025 · Physical Review C

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.111.024913· OSTI ID:2589702

Savchuk, Oleh ^[1]

Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI (United States); Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyiv (Ukraine)

Preliminary data from the Beam-Energy Scan II measurements by the STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider suggest a dip in the fourth-to-second-order cumulant ratio when plotted vs beam energy. At the same energy range where the structure appears, a transition from hadrons to quarks is expected, the deconfinement transition. In this paper, the role of quark deconfinement in establishing fluctuations in the early stages of the collision is considered. Two models are compared: one with stopping occurring on a baryon-by-baryon basis, and a second where stopping proceeds through quark degrees of freedom. In the latter model, the fluctuation of baryon number is significantly reduced and this signal is found to survive recombination into hadrons and the subsequent diffusion. The transformation from baryon to quark stopping thus produces a dip in the fourth-to-second-order cumulant ratio when plotted vs beam energy, consistent with observations.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-03ER41259

OSTI ID:: 2589702

Journal Information:: Physical Review C, Journal Name: Physical Review C Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 111; ISSN 2469-9985; ISSN 2469-9993

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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