Dynamical Ion Correlations in Polymer and Membrane Electrolytes: Recent Advances and Open Questions

Ganesan, Venkat; Zhang, Zidan; Marioni, Nico

doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c02006

Dynamical Ion Correlations in Polymer and Membrane Electrolytes: Recent Advances and Open Questions

Journal Article · Fri Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2025 · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c02006· OSTI ID:2589419

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University of Texas at Austin, TX (United States)

Ion transport in polymer and membrane electrolytes is often described using uncorrelated models like the Nernst–Einstein (NE) approximation, which link conductivity, transference number, and salt diffusivity to individual ion mobilities. However, growing evidence shows that dynamical ion correlations─arising from ion pairing, polymer-mediated coupling, confinement, and electrostatic interactions─can substantially alter macroscopic transport properties. The Onsager transport formalism offers a rigorous framework to quantify these effects via cross-correlated ionic displacements. This Perspective highlights how such correlations manifest across dry and hydrated systems, including salt-doped polymers, block copolymers, hydrogels, and ion-exchange membranes. Here, we examine key physical origins, the influence of salt chemistry and polymer structure, and open questions in measuring and controlling correlated motion. Embracing correlation-aware design enables new pathways to optimize conductivity, transference number, and selectivity─shifting the focus from individual ion mobility to engineered collective dynamics for next-generation electrolytes in energy storage and separations.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: University of Texas at Austin, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); Robert A. Welch Foundation; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0019272

OSTI ID:: 2589419

Journal Information:: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Journal Name: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters Journal Issue: 32 Vol. 16; ISSN 1948-7185

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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