Bioindicator “fingerprints” of methane-emitting thermokarst features in Alaskan soils

Smallwood, Chuck Randall; Hasson, Nicholas; Yang, Jihoon; Schambach, Jenna Young; Bennett, Haley Lynn; Ricken, Bryce; Sammon, Jason Paul; Mascarenas, Monica Rose; Eberling, Naomi Arin; Kolker, Stephanie Dawn; Whiting, Joshua Jonathan; Mays, Wittney DeBora; Anthony, Katey Walter; Miller, Philip Rocco

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1462941

Bioindicator “fingerprints” of methane-emitting thermokarst features in Alaskan soils

Journal Article · Fri Feb 21 00:00:00 EST 2025 · Frontiers in Microbiology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1462941· OSTI ID:2588362

^[1]; Hasson, Nicholas ^[2]; Yang, Jihoon ^[3]; ^[1]; Bennett, Haley Lynn ^[1]; Ricken, Bryce ^[1]; ^[1]; Mascarenas, Monica Rose ^[1]; Eberling, Naomi Arin ^[1]; Kolker, Stephanie Dawn ^[1]; ^[1]; Mays, Wittney DeBora ^[3]; Anthony, Katey Walter ^[2]; ^[1]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Univ. of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Permafrost thaw increases the bioavailability of ancient organic matter, facilitating microbial metabolism of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon dioxide, and methane (CH₄). The formation of thermokarst (thaw) lakes in icy, organic-rich Yedoma permafrost leads to high CH₄ emissions, and subsurface microbes that have the potential to be biogeochemical drivers of organic carbon turnover in these systems. However, to better characterize and quantify rates of permafrost changes, methods that further clarify the relationship between subsurface biogeochemical processes and microbial dynamics are needed. In this study, we investigated four sites (two well-drained thermokarst mounds, a drained thermokarst lake, and the terrestrial margin of a recently formed thermokarst lake) to determine whether biogenic VOCs (1) can be effectively collected during winter, and (2) whether winter sampling provides more biologically significant VOCs correlated with subsurface microbial metabolic potential. During the cold season (March 2023), we drilled boreholes at the four sites and collected cores to simultaneously characterize microbial populations and captured VOCs. VOC analysis of these sites revealed “fingerprints” that were distinct and unique to each site. Total VOCs from the boreholes included > 400 unique VOC features, including > 40 potentially biogenic VOCs related to microbial metabolism. Subsurface microbial community composition was distinct across sites; for example, methanogenic archaea were far more abundant at the thermokarst site characterized by high annual CH₄ emissions. The results obtained from this method strongly suggest that ∼10% of VOCs are potentially biogenic, and that biogenic VOCs can be mapped to subsurface microbial metabolisms. By better revealing the relationship between subsurface biogeochemical processes and microbial dynamics, this work advances our ability to monitor and predict subsurface carbon turnover in Arctic soils.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Laboratory Directed Research and Development; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2588362

Report Number(s):: SAND--2025-11354J; 1748540

Journal Information:: Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Name: Frontiers in Microbiology Journal Issue: 21;15:1462 Vol. 15; ISSN 1664-302X

Publisher:: Frontiers Media SACopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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