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(Un)Explained EMIC Waves: Understanding Quiet Time EMIC Wave Drivers

Journal Article · · Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA033125· OSTI ID:2588090
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [5];  [2];  [6];  [2];  [7];  [1]
  1. Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai (India)
  2. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD (United States)
  3. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  4. Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, Prague (Czechia)
  5. GFZ Potsdam (Germany)
  6. Swedish Institute of Space Physics (IRF), Uppsala (Sweden)
  7. University of Oulu, Sodankylä (Finland)
+ Show Author Affiliations
Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves are known to be generated through cyclotron resonance with the local ion particle population and grow when there is a large enough temperature anisotropy. In general, these temperature anisotropies necessary for wave growth are found to be associated with either solar wind pressure pulses or particle injections during geomagnetic storms or substorms. However, some EMIC events do not show any clear association with these known drivers and appear unexplained. In our analysis of high-amplitude (>1 nT) non-storm time EMIC waves, we find that 24 out of the 223 (~11%) EMIC events with peak amplitude greater than 1 nT were not found to be associated with any clear EMIC wave driver. This raises a compelling question: What magnetospheric or solar wind driver provides the free energy to grow these quiet-time EMIC waves? Here, we examine two EMIC events on 13 April 2017 and 13 February 2014, which were excited during extremely quiet solar wind and geomagnetic conditions. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of field and particle measurements from multiple data sets, including ground and in situ data for these two events, indicates that extremely weak and otherwise insignificant pressure values and/or very weak substorm injections occurring multiple hours before the event play a significant role in quiet time wave generation.
Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
89233218CNA000001
OSTI ID:
2588090
Report Number(s):
LA-UR--24-28356; 10.1029/2024JA033125; 2169-9402
Journal Information:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 130; ISSN 2169-9402; ISSN 2169-9380
Publisher:
American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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