Time-of-flight vs time-of-arrival in neutron spectroscopic measurements for high energy density plasmas

Grim, G. P.; Mitrani, J. M.; Chandler, G. A.; Hahn, K. D.; Jones, M. C.; Mannion, O. M.

doi:10.1063/5.0214639

Time-of-flight vs time-of-arrival in neutron spectroscopic measurements for high energy density plasmas

Journal Article · Wed Aug 07 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Review of Scientific Instruments

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0214639· OSTI ID:2587716

^[1]; ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

The neutron time-of-flight (nToF) diagnostic technique has a lengthy history in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) and High Energy Density (HED) Science experiments. Its initial utility resulted from the simple relationship between the full width half maximum of the fusion peak signal in a distant detector and the burn averaged conditions of an ideal plasma producing the flux [Lehner and Pohl, Z. Phys. 207, 83–104 (1967)]. More recent precision measurements [Gatu-Johnson et al., Phys. Rev. E 94(8), 021202 (2016)] and theoretical studies [Munro, Nucl. Fusion 56, 035001 (2016)] have shown the spectrum to be more subtle and complicated, driving the desire for an absolute calibration of the spectrum to disambiguate plasma dynamics from the conditions producing thermonuclear reactions. In experiments where the neutron production history is not well measured, but the neutron signal is preceded by a concomitant flux of photons, the spectrum can be in situ calibrated using a set of collinear detectors to obtain a true “time-of-flight” measurement. This article presents the motivation and overview of this technique along with estimates of the experimental precision needed to make useful measurements in existing and future nToF systems such as the pulsed power Z-machine located in Albuquerque, NM, at Sandia National Laboratories.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2587716

Journal Information:: Review of Scientific Instruments, Journal Name: Review of Scientific Instruments Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 95; ISSN 1089-7623; ISSN 0034-6748

Publisher:: AIP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (14)

Reaktionsneutronen als Hilfsmittel der Plasmadiagnostik Lehner, G.; Pohl, F. Zeitschrift f�r Physik, Vol. 207, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01326097	journal	February 1967
A suite of neutron time-of-flight detectors to measure hot-spot motion in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion experiments on OMEGA Mannion, O. M.; Knauer, J. P.; Glebov, V. Yu. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 964 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2020.163774	journal	June 2020
Evidence for suprathermal ion distribution in burning plasmas Hartouni, E. P.; Moore, A. S.; Crilly, A. J. Nature Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-022-01809-3	journal	November 2022
Ion‐temperature measurement of indirectly driven implosions using a geometry‐compensated neutron time‐of‐flight detector Murphy, T. J.; Lerche, R. A.; Bennett, C. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 66, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1146211	journal	January 1995
Gamma bang time analysis at OMEGA McEvoy, A. M.; Herrmann, H. W.; Horsfield, C. J. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 81, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3485083	journal	October 2010
Analysis of the neutron time-of-flight spectra from inertial confinement fusion experiments Hatarik, R.; Sayre, D. B.; Caggiano, J. A. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 118, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4935455	journal	November 2015
Neutron time-of-flight detectors (nTOF) used at Sandia’s Z-Machine Chandler, G. A.; Ruiz, C. L.; Cooper, G. W. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 93, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0101544	journal	November 2022
Interpreting inertial fusion neutron spectra Munro, David H. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 56, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/56/3/036001	journal	February 2016
Fusion neutron energies and spectra Brysk, H. Plasma Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/0032-1028/15/7/001	journal	July 1973
Multichannel, triaxial, neutron time-of-flight diagnostic for experiments at the Z facility Ruiz, C. L.; Fehl, D. L.; Chandler, G. A. Physical Review Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 23, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.23.020401	journal	February 2020
The Rate of Selective Thermonuclear Reactions Gamow, G.; Teller, E. Physical Review, Vol. 53, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.53.608	journal	April 1938
Indications of flow near maximum compression in layered deuterium-tritium implosions at the National Ignition Facility Gatu Johnson, M.; Knauer, J. P.; Cerjan, C. J. Physical Review E, Vol. 94, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.94.021202	journal	August 2016
Production of Thermonuclear Neutrons from Deuterium-Filled Capsule Implosions Driven by Z -Pinch Dynamic Hohlraums Ruiz, C. L.; Cooper, G. W.; Slutz, S. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.93.015001	journal	June 2004
Gaussian profile estimation in one dimension Hagen, Nathan; Kupinski, Matthew; Dereniak, Eustace L. Applied Optics, Vol. 46, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.46.005374	journal	January 2007

Similar Records

Simultaneous analysis of collinear neutron time-of-flight (nToF) traces applied to pulsed fusion experiment

Journal Article · Tue Aug 13 20:00:00 EDT 2024 · Review of Scientific Instruments · OSTI ID:2475549

Measuring higher-order moments of neutron-time-of-flight data for cryogenic inertial confinement fusion implosions on OMEGA

Journal Article · Mon Oct 09 20:00:00 EDT 2023 · Physics of Plasmas · OSTI ID:2204331

Proof-of-concept of a neutron time-of-flight ellipsoidal detector

Journal Article · Sun Apr 25 20:00:00 EDT 2021 · Review of Scientific Instruments · OSTI ID:1780481

Related Subjects

Fusion experiments
Neutron flux
Neutron spectra
Nuclear fusion
Plasma confinement
Plasma dynamics
Plasma temperature
Signal processing

Time-of-flight vs time-of-arrival in neutron spectroscopic measurements for high energy density plasmas

Citation Formats

References (14)

Similar Records

Related Subjects