Engineering exchange bias at the interface of self-polarized ultrathin ferroelectric Ba⁢Ti⁢O3 and ferromagnetic La0.67⁢Sr0.33⁢Mn⁢O3

Maity, Tuhin; Bansal, Manisha; Strkalj, Nives; Dolui, Kapildeb; Zhang, Di; He, Zihao; Nataf, Guillaume F.; Lovett, Adam; Ghidini, Massimo; Dhesi, Sarnjeet S.; Lu, Ping; Wang, Haiyan; Li, Weiwei; MacManus-Driscoll, Judith L.

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.22.054035

Engineering exchange bias at the interface of self-polarized ultrathin ferroelectric Ba⁢Ti⁢O₃ and ferromagnetic La_0.67⁢Sr_0.33⁢Mn⁢O₃

Journal Article · Tue Nov 12 23:00:00 EST 2024 · Physical Review Applied

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.054035· OSTI ID:2584641

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; Zhang, Di ^[5]; ^[5]; ^[6]; Lovett, Adam ^[4]; ^[7]; ^[8]; Lu, Ping ^[9]; ^[5]; ^[10]; ^[4]

Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom); Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (India)
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (India)
Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom); Institute of Physics (Croatia)
Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)
Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom); Univ. of Tours (France)
Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom); Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Oxford (United Kingdom). Diamond Light Source, Ltd.; Univ. of Parma (Italy)
Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Oxford (United Kingdom). Diamond Light Source, Ltd.
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom); Nanjing Univ. of Aeronautics and Astronautics (China)

We investigate the emergence and optimization of conventional exchange bias (EB) in ultrathin (<10 nm) ferroelectric (FE) Ba⁢Ti⁢O₃ (BTO)/ferromagnetic (FM) La_0.67⁢Sr_0.33⁢Mn⁢O₃ (LSMO) epitaxial bilayers without an antiferromagnetic (AFM) material. The EB originates from the electronic orbital reconstruction at the FE-FM interface due to the ferroelectric polarization. We achieve maximum EB of approximately 42 Oe with single-domain polarization in nine-unit-cell-thick BTO, setting the BTO thickness above the critical threshold for ferroelectricity yet below the thickness of strain relaxation and multidomain breakdown. Furthermore, the LSMO layer needs to be thick enough to sustain both the FM layer and polarization-induced AFM spin configuration at the LSMO/BTO interface, yet as thin as possible to enable the EB loop shift. The temperature, training, field, and thickness dependence of the EB confirm that the LSMO/BTO interface exhibits conventional EB despite its unconventional origin. Using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and density-functional-theory calculations, we confirm that the macroscopic EB effect originates from the interfacial AFM spin configuration in LSMO driven by FE-induced d-orbital modifications in interfacial Mn ions. Thus, we engineer strong interfacial EB coupling in artificial multiferroics without a conventional AFM material by controlling FE polarization, highlighting the potential for advanced spintronic applications.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2584641

Journal Information:: Physical Review Applied, Journal Name: Physical Review Applied Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 22; ISSN 2331-7019

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (47)

Ultrathin Limit of Exchange Bias Coupling at Oxide Multiferroic/Ferromagnetic Interfaces Huijben, M.; Yu, P.; Martin, L. W. Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 34 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201300940	journal	July 2013
Magnetoelectric Coupling Induced by Interfacial Orbital Reconstruction Cui, Bin; Song, Cheng; Mao, Haijun Advanced Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201503115	journal	September 2015
Hidden Interface Driven Exchange Coupling in Oxide Heterostructures Chen, Aiping; Wang, Qiang; Fitzsimmons, Michael R. Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201700672	journal	May 2017
Tailoring Self-Polarization of BaTiO ₃ Thin Films by Interface Engineering and Flexoelectric Effect Guo, Rui; Shen, Lei; Wang, Han Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 3, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201600737	journal	November 2016
Exchange bias Nogués, J.; Schuller, Ivan K. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 192, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(98)00266-2	journal	February 1999
Asymmetric shift of exchange bias loop in Ni-Ni(OH)2 core-shell nanoparticles Maity, Tuhin; Roy, Saibal Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 465 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2018.05.064	journal	November 2018
Atomic-Scale Control of Magnetism at the Titanite-Manganite Interfaces Wang, Han; Chi, Xiao; Liu, ZhongRan Nano Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00441	journal	March 2019
Self-Polarization in Epitaxial Fully Matched Lead-Free Bismuth Sodium Titanate Based Ferroelectric Thin Films Zhao, Jinyan; Niu, Gang; Ren, Wei ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 10, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b02239	journal	July 2018
Reversible Modulation of Orbital Occupations via an Interface-Induced Polar State in Metallic Manganites Chen, Hanghui; Qiao, Qiao; Marshall, Matthew S. J. Nano Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl501209p	journal	August 2014
Critical thickness for ferroelectricity in perovskite ultrathin films Junquera, Javier; Ghosez, Philippe Nature, Vol. 422, Issue 6931, p. 506-509 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01501	journal	April 2003
Reversible electric control of exchange bias in a multiferroic field-effect device Wu, S. M.; Cybart, Shane A.; Yu, P. Nature Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2803	journal	July 2010
Interface-induced room-temperature multiferroicity in BaTiO3 Valencia, S.; Crassous, A.; Bocher, L. Nature Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3098	journal	August 2011
Exchange bias in LaNiO3–LaMnO3 superlattices Gibert, Marta; Zubko, Pavlo; Scherwitzl, Raoul Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3224	journal	January 2012
Control of quantum magnets by atomic exchange bias Yan, Shichao; Choi, Deung-Jang; Burgess, Jacob A. J. Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2014.281	journal	December 2014
Signatures of enhanced out-of-plane polarization in asymmetric BaTiO3 superlattices integrated on silicon Chen, Binbin; Gauquelin, Nicolas; Strkalj, Nives Nature Communications, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27898-x	journal	January 2022
Understanding and designing magnetoelectric heterostructures guided by computation: progresses, remaining questions, and perspectives Hu, Jia-Mian; Duan, Chun-Gang; Nan, Ce-Wen npj Computational Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41524-017-0020-4	journal	May 2017
Oxygen-vacancy induced magnetic phase transitions in multiferroic thin films Menéndez, César; Chu, Dewei; Cazorla, Claudio npj Computational Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41524-020-0344-3	journal	June 2020
Confinement of magnetism in atomically thin La0.7Sr0.3CrO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 heterostructures Koohfar, Sanaz; Georgescu, Alexandru B.; Penn, Aubrey N. npj Quantum Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-019-0164-1	journal	May 2019
Atomic-scale engineering of ferroelectric-ferromagnetic interfaces of epitaxial perovskite films for functional properties Hausmann, Simon; Ye, Jingfan; Aoki, Toshihiro Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10194-4	journal	September 2017
Re-epithelialization and immune cell behaviour in an ex vivo human skin model Rakita, Ana; Nikolić, Nenad; Mildner, Michael Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56847-4	journal	January 2020
Self-biased magnetoelectric switching at room temperature in three-phase ferroelectric–antiferromagnetic–ferrimagnetic nanocomposites Wu, Rui; Zhang, Di; Maity, Tuhin Nature Electronics, Vol. 4, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-021-00584-y	journal	May 2021
Strain engineering induced interfacial self-assembly and intrinsic exchange bias in a manganite perovskite film Cui, B.; Song, C.; Wang, G. Y. Scientific Reports, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep02542	journal	August 2013
Control of magnetism in Pb(Zr _0.2 Ti _0.8 )O ₃ /La _0.8 Sr _0.2 MnO ₃ multiferroic heterostructures (invited) Vaz, C. A. F.; Hoffman, J.; Segal, Y. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 109, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3540694	journal	April 2011
Exchange-biased magnetic tunnel junctions and application to nonvolatile magnetic random access memory (invited) Parkin, S. S. P.; Roche, K. P.; Samant, M. G. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 85, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.369932	journal	April 1999
Exotic exchange bias at epitaxial ferroelectric-ferromagnetic interfaces Paul, Amitesh; Reitinger, Christoph; Autieri, Carmine Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4885316	journal	July 2014
Induced Ti magnetization at La _0.7 Sr _0.3 MnO ₃ and BaTiO ₃ interfaces Liu, Yaohua; Tornos, J.; te Velthuis, S. G. E. APL Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4946756	journal	April 2016
Interface magnetization transition via minority spin injection Fang, F.; Zhai, H.; Ma, X. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4972035	journal	December 2016
Interface control of bulk ferroelectric polarization Yu, P.; Luo, W.; Yi, D. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 109, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1117990109	journal	May 2012
Atomic-scale control of magnetic anisotropy via novel spin–orbit coupling effect in La _2/3 Sr _1/3 MnO ₃ /SrIrO ₃ superlattices Yi, Di; Liu, Jian; Hsu, Shang-Lin Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1524689113	journal	May 2016
Interface-induced multiferroism by design in complex oxide superlattices Guo, Hangwen; Wang, Zhen; Dong, Shuai Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1706814114	journal	June 2017
Advanced capabilities for materials modelling with Quantum ESPRESSO Giannozzi, P.; Andreussi, O.; Brumme, T. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 29, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/aa8f79	journal	October 2017
Theory of the Role of Covalence in the Perovskite-Type Manganites [ La , M ( II ) ] Mn O 3 Goodenough, John B. Physical Review, Vol. 100, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.100.564	journal	October 1955
Thickness-dependent polarization-induced intrinsic magnetoelectric effects in L a 0.67 S r 0.33 Mn O 3 / PbZ r 0.52 T i 0.48 O 3 heterostructures Yu, Xiaoqian; Wu, Lijun; Zhang, Bangmin Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.104405	journal	September 2019
From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method Kresse, G.; Joubert, D. Physical Review B, Vol. 59, Issue 3, p. 1758-1775 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1758	journal	January 1999
Coercivity in exchange-bias bilayers Stiles, M. D.; McMichael, R. D. Physical Review B, Vol. 63, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.63.064405	journal	January 2001
Training of the exchange-bias effect: A simple analytic approach Binek, Christian Physical Review B, Vol. 70, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014421	journal	July 2004
Field-cooling dependence of exchange bias in a granular system of Fe nanoparticles embedded in an Fe oxide matrix Del Bianco, Lucia; Fiorani, Dino; Testa, Alberto Physical Review B, Vol. 70, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.70.052401	journal	August 2004
Critical thickness and orbital ordering in ultrathin La 0.7 Sr 0.3 MnO 3 films Huijben, M.; Martin, L. W.; Chu, Y. -H. Physical Review B, Vol. 78, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.78.094413	journal	September 2008
Prediction of electrically induced magnetic reconstruction at the manganite/ferroelectric interface Burton, J. D.; Tsymbal, E. Y. Physical Review B, Vol. 80, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.80.174406	journal	November 2009
Accuracy of the spin sum rule in XMCD for the transition-metal L edges from manganese to copper Piamonteze, Cinthia; Miedema, Piter; de Groot, Frank M. F. Physical Review B, Vol. 80, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.80.184410	journal	November 2009
Inducing exchange bias in La 0.67 Sr 0.33 MnO 3 − δ /SrTiO 3 thin films by strain and oxygen deficiency Schumacher, D.; Steffen, A.; Voigt, J. Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.144427	journal	October 2013
Origin of the asymmetric exchange bias in BiFeO 3 / Bi 2 Fe 4 O 9 nanocomposite Maity, Tuhin; Goswami, Sudipta; Bhattacharya, Dipten Physical Review B, Vol. 89, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.140411	journal	April 2014
Interface Ferromagnetism and Orbital Reconstruction in BiFeO 3 − La 0.7 Sr 0.3 MnO 3 Heterostructures Yu, P.; Lee, J. -S.; Okamoto, S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.027201	journal	July 2010
Depolarizing-Field Effects in Epitaxial Capacitor Heterostructures Strkalj, N.; De Luca, G.; Campanini, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.147601	journal	October 2019
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865	journal	October 1996
Coercivity Enhancement in Exchange Biased Systems Driven by Interfacial Magnetic Frustration Leighton, C.; Nogués, J.; Jönsson-Åkerman, B. J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 84, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3466	journal	April 2000
Enhancement of Ferroelectricity in Strained BaTiO₃ Thin Films Choi, K. J.; Biegalski, M.; Li, Y. L. Science, Vol. 306, Issue 5698, p. 1005-1009 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1103218	journal	November 2004

Similar Records

Interfacial antiferromagnetic phase induced two-step magnetization reversal in PbZr_0.52Ti_0.48O3/La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃ superlattices

Journal Article · Tue Oct 18 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Journal of Alloys and Compounds · OSTI ID:2404985

Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of Insulator-Metal Transitions: Exploring Low-Energy Dynamics in Strongly Correlated Systems. Final Report

Technical Report · Wed Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · OSTI ID:1638826

Spin-flop coupling at L⁢a_0.5⁢S⁢r_0.5⁢Fe⁢O₃/L⁢a_0.7⁢S⁢r_0.3⁢Mn⁢O₃ interfaces

Journal Article · Mon Jul 08 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Physical Review. B · OSTI ID:2505105

Related Subjects

exchange bias
ferromagnets
magnetic thin films
multiferroics
spintronics ferroelectrics
transition metal oxides

Engineering exchange bias at the interface of self-polarized ultrathin ferroelectric Ba⁢Ti⁢O3 and ferromagnetic La0.67⁢Sr0.33⁢Mn⁢O3

Citation Formats

References (47)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Engineering exchange bias at the interface of self-polarized ultrathin ferroelectric Ba⁢Ti⁢O₃ and ferromagnetic La_0.67⁢Sr_0.33⁢Mn⁢O₃