Belowground plant carbon and nitrogen exchange: plant-derived carbon inputs and pore structure formation

Lee, Jin Ho; Ulbrich, Tayler C.; Oerther, Maxwell; Kuzyakov, Yakov; Guber, Andrey K.; Kravchenko, Alexandra N.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109833

Belowground plant carbon and nitrogen exchange: plant-derived carbon inputs and pore structure formation

Journal Article · Sat Apr 19 00:00:00 EDT 2025 · Soil Biology and Biochemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109833· OSTI ID:2584086

^[1]; Ulbrich, Tayler C. ^[2]; Oerther, Maxwell ^[1]; ^[3]; Guber, Andrey K. ^[1]; Kravchenko, Alexandra N. ^[1]

Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI (United States)
Univ. of Goettingen (Germany); RUDN University, Moscow (Russian Federation)

Belowground plant transfer of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) can benefit soil ecosystems, increasing soil C gains and plant N availability, while improving soil pore structure. We explored such transfers among three plant species of North American prairie, where C and N were transferred from a grass (Panicum virgatum L., switchgrass (Sgrass)) to either a legume (Lespedeza capitata Michx., bush clover (Bclover)), a forb (Rudbeckia hirta L., black-eyed Susan (BSforb)), or a mixture of the two. The plants were grown either with/out direct root contact, thus allowing assessment of the relative contributions of fungal- and root-based transfer pathways. The Sgrass was labeled with ¹³C and ¹⁵N, and C and N transfers were assessed by measuring isotope enrichment of roots and aboveground biomass of neighboring plants. Soil inputs of plant-derived C and N were assessed by isotope analyses of the rhizosphere soil. X-ray computed tomography was used for pore structure analyses. Carbon transfer was much higher in the presence of direct/close root contact between source and recipient plants, yet N transfers appeared to be mainly fungal driven. Here, while C and N were readily transferred from Sgrass to other Sgrass and Bclover neighbors, transfers to BSforb were negligible. However, in a three species system, the presence of the legume enhanced C and N transfers to BSforb, suggesting non-additive influences of diverse plant community composition. The more plant-derived C and N was found in the rhizosphere of recipient plants, the greater C and N transfers through roots. Greater C and N transfers were associated with increases in 8–30 μm diameter pores and decreases in >150 μm pores. Summarily, diverse plant communities, especially those with legumes, increase C and N transfers, which then benefit soil C inputs and its protection via changes in pore structure.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC), East Lansing, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division (CSGB); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-94ER14466; SC0018409

OSTI ID:: 2584086

Journal Information:: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Name: Soil Biology and Biochemistry Vol. 207; ISSN 0038-0717

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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pore-size distributions
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Belowground plant carbon and nitrogen exchange: plant-derived carbon inputs and pore structure formation

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