X-ray fluorescence and XANES spectroscopy revealed diverse potassium chemistries and colocalization with phosphorus in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus ammoniavirescens

Richardson, Jocelyn A.; Rose, Benjamin D.; Garcia, Kevin

doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2024.08.004

X-ray fluorescence and XANES spectroscopy revealed diverse potassium chemistries and colocalization with phosphorus in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus ammoniavirescens

Journal Article · Thu Aug 08 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Fungal Biology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2024.08.004· OSTI ID:2583398

Richardson, Jocelyn A. ^[1]; Rose, Benjamin D. ^[2]; ^[2]

SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC (United States)

Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi play a major role in forest ecosystems and managed tree plantations. Particularly, they facilitate mineral weathering and nutrient transfer towards colonized roots. Among nutrients provided by these fungi, potassium (K) has been understudied compared to phosphorus (P) or nitrogen (N). The ECM fungus Paxillus ammoniavirescens is a generalist species that interacts with the root of many trees and can directly transfer K to them, including loblolly pine. However, the forms of K that ECM fungi can store is still unknown. Here, we used synchrotron potassium X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and K-edge X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectroscopy on P. ammoniavirescens growing in axenic conditions to investigate the K chemistries accumulating in the center and the edge of the mycelium. We observed that various K forms accumulated in different part of the mycelium, including K-nitrate (KNO₃), K-C-O compounds (such as K-tartrate K₂(C₄H₄O₆) and K-oxalate (K₂C₂O₄)), K-S and K-P compounds. Saprotrophic fungi have been shown to excrete carboxylic acids, which in turn play a role in soil mineral weathering. Our finding of several K counter-ions to carboxylic acids may suggest that, besides their direct transfer to colonized roots, K ions can also be involved in the production of compounds necessary for sourcing nutrients from their surrounding environment by ECM fungi. Additionally, this work reveals that XANES spectroscopy can be used to identify the various forms of K accumulating in biological systems.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); AFRI

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 2583398

Journal Information:: Fungal Biology, Journal Name: Fungal Biology Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 128; ISSN 1878-6146

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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X-ray fluorescence and XANES spectroscopy revealed diverse potassium chemistries and colocalization with phosphorus in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus ammoniavirescens

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