Interfacial magnetic characteristics of nearly compensated gadolinium iron garnet

Srinivasan, Karthik; Grutter, Alexander J.; Gage, Thomas E.; Quarterman, P.; Kinane, Christy J.; Caruana, Andrew J.; Yu, Guichuan; Garcia-Barriocanal, Javier; Langridge, Sean; Stadler, Bethanie J. H.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.8.044403

Interfacial magnetic characteristics of nearly compensated gadolinium iron garnet

Journal Article · Fri Apr 05 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Physical Review Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.8.044403· OSTI ID:2569729

^[1]; Grutter, Alexander J. ^[2]; Gage, Thomas E. ^[3]; Quarterman, P. ^[2]; Kinane, Christy J. ^[4]; Caruana, Andrew J. ^[4]; Yu, Guichuan ^[5]; Garcia-Barriocanal, Javier ^[5]; ^[4]; Stadler, Bethanie J. H. ^[5]

Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States); Boise State Univ., ID (United States)
National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)

Reports on spin Hall magnetoresistance, magnonic spin currents from thermal gradients, and spin transfertorque magnetic random-access memory using compensated ferrimagnets largely discuss bulk magnetization but lack consideration of depth profiles or interfacial characteristics. Here, magnetic and structural characterization of profiles and interfaces was performed for nearly compensated gadolinium iron garnet (GdIG) thin films. X-ray diffraction and reciprocal space maps show that sputter deposited GdIG on Si is polycrystalline with the desired cubic garnet phase, and GdIG on gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) is epitaxial with <0.06% compressive strain. Temperature-dependent magnetometry confirms the compensation temperatures of GGG/GdIG and Si/GdIG to be 285 and 260 K, respectively, both near room temperature. Interestingly, these measurements suggest the presence of unsaturated rare-earth moments, which result in a characteristic hysteresis between heating and cooling sequences in the magnetization-temperature curves at zero field. Depth-profile measurements from polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR) indicate up to 91% volume fraction in GdIG on Si. At the interface, PNR reveals a region containing magnetized Fe-doped GGG, a low-density GdIG at the GGG/GdIG interface, and a thin magnetically dead layer at the Si/GdIG interface. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy confirm the assessment of PNR. In conclusion, the magnetic characteristics of interfacial regions are attributed to intermixing of Fe-Ga at the GGG/GdIG interface and the presence of amorphous Fe-Si at the Si/GdIG interface.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF); National Science Foundation (NSF); ISIS neutron and muon source for the provision of the neutron beamtime award

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 2569729

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2474433

Journal Information:: Physical Review Materials, Journal Name: Physical Review Materials Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 8; ISSN 2475-9953

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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