Ultra-high temperature testing and performance of L-PBF C103

Orsborn, Kelly R.; Riffel, Kaue C.; Brizes, Eric T.; Mireles, Omar R.; Ramirez, Antonio J.

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107227

Ultra-high temperature testing and performance of L-PBF C103

Journal Article · Wed May 14 00:00:00 UTC 2025 · International Journal of Refractory and Hard Metals

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107227· OSTI ID:2568859

Orsborn, Kelly R. ^[1]; Riffel, Kaue C. ^[1]; Brizes, Eric T. ^[2]; ^[3]; Ramirez, Antonio J. ^[1]

The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH (United States)
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Additive Manufacturing (AM) of refractory alloys is gaining traction as a materials processing route for components subject to extreme temperature environments. Due to the low oxidation resistance of refractory alloys, novel methods for evaluating their elevated temperature performance must be developed. In this work, a Gleeble® 3800 thermomechanical load frame was modified to evaluate the mechanical properties of laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) consolidated niobium alloy C103 ranging from room temperature (RT) to 1400 °C. The fixturing and sample geometry were designed to accommodate Joule heating and prevent damage to the test chamber. Oxidation of the samples was minimized via testing in vacuum level of 1E-5 Torr. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS), elongation, and strain-hardening behavior were determined as a function of temperature. L-PBF C103 presented an average UTS of ∼650 MPa and over 25 % elongation at RT. Above RT, the UTS and YS dropped then leveled off from 500 °C to 1000 °C with values ranging from ∼400 MPa to ∼460 MPa, which is consistent with dynamic strain aging observed in this class of alloys. The strength rapidly declined after 1200 °C to ∼150 MPa at 1400 °C. Fractography indicated ductile fractures for the C103 at all test temperatures, and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) analysis revealed a textured microstructure and the presence of dynamic recrystallization within the necked region of the sample tested at 1400 °C.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

Other Award/Contract Number:: 80MSFC22M0210

OSTI ID:: 2568859

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-25-21356; 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107227

Journal Information:: International Journal of Refractory and Hard Metals, Journal Name: International Journal of Refractory and Hard Metals Vol. 131; ISSN 0263-4368

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (27)

The oxidation behavior and protection of niobium Perkins, Roger A.; Meier, Gerald H. JOM, Vol. 42, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03221046	journal	August 1990
Microstructural and mechanical characterization of additively manufactured parts of maraging 18Ni300M steel with water and gas atomized powders feedstock Peinado, Gabriel; Carvalho, Cauê; Jardini, André The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 130, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-12686-2	journal	November 2023
Buffered electrochemical polishing of niobium Ciovati, Gianluigi; Tian, Hui; Corcoran, Sean G. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, Vol. 41, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-011-0286-z	journal	March 2011
New Opportunities in Refractory Alloys Philips, N. R.; Carl, M.; Cunningham, N. J. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 51, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-020-05803-3	journal	May 2020
Effect of Temperature on Tensile Properties of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additively Manufactured Niobium Alloy C103 Brizes, Eric; Milner, Justin; Young-Dohe, Elizabeth Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 56, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-024-07683-3	journal	January 2025
Overview of research on aerospace metallic structural materials Rosenstein, Alan H. Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 143, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(91)90723-Z	journal	September 1991
Advancement of extreme environment additively manufactured alloys for next generation space propulsion applications Gradl, Paul; Mireles, Omar R.; Katsarelis, Colton Acta Astronautica, Vol. 211 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2023.06.035	journal	October 2023
Atomistic simulations of dislocations in a model BCC multicomponent concentrated solid solution alloy Rao, S. I.; Varvenne, C.; Woodward, C. Acta Materialia, Vol. 125 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.12.011	journal	February 2017
Computation of entropies and phase equilibria in refractory V-Nb-Mo-Ta-W high-entropy alloys Wang, Yi; Yan, Ming; Zhu, Qiang Acta Materialia, Vol. 143 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2017.10.017	journal	January 2018
Molybdenum and tungsten manufactured by selective laser melting: Analysis of defect structure and solidification mechanisms Braun, J.; Kaserer, L.; Stajkovic, J. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, Vol. 84 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2019.104999	journal	November 2019
Powder HIP of pure Nb and C-103 alloy: The influence of powder characteristics on mechanical properties Sergi, Alessandro; Khan, Raja H. U.; Georgilas, Konstantinos International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, Vol. 104 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2022.105803	journal	April 2022
Mechanical properties of Nb25Mo25Ta25W25 and V20Nb20Mo20Ta20W20 refractory high entropy alloys Senkov, O. N.; Wilks, G. B.; Scott, J. M. Intermetallics, Vol. 19, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2011.01.004	journal	May 2011
Dynamic recrystallization: plasticity enhancing structural development McQueen, H. J.; Imbert, C. A. C. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 378, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.10.067	journal	September 2004
Phase equilibria, microstructure, and high temperature oxidation resistance of novel refractory high-entropy alloys Gorr, B.; Azim, M.; Christ, H. -J. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 624 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.11.012	journal	March 2015
Microstructure and mechanical properties at elevated temperatures of a new Al-containing refractory high-entropy alloy Nb-Mo-Cr-Ti-Al Chen, H.; Kauffmann, A.; Gorr, B. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 661 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.11.050	journal	March 2016
Thermodynamic properties of refractory high entropy alloys Song, Hongquan; Tian, Fuyang; Wang, Dongping Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 682 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.04.320	journal	October 2016
High temperature oxidation behaviors of equimolar NbTiZrV and NbTiZrCr refractory complex concentrated alloys (RCCAs) Butler, T. M.; Chaput, K. J.; Dietrich, J. R. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 729 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.09.164	journal	December 2017
On the current research progress of metallic materials fabricated by laser powder bed fusion process: a review Abd-Elaziem, Walaa; Elkatatny, Sally; Abd-Elaziem, Abd-Elrahim Journal of Materials Research and Technology, Vol. 20 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.07.085	journal	September 2022
Metal additive manufacturing in aerospace: A review Blakey-Milner, Byron; Gradl, Paul; Snedden, Glen Materials & Design, Vol. 209 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2021.110008	journal	November 2021
On the occurrence of dynamic strain aging in C-103 Nb based alloy Panwar, S. S.; Prasad, Kartik; Umasankar Patro, T. Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 620 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2014.10.016	journal	January 2015
Mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics of additively manufactured C103 niobium alloy Awasthi, Prithvi D.; Agrawal, Priyanka; Haridas, Ravi Sankar Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 831 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.142183	journal	January 2022
Tensile behavior of a slurry Fe-Cr-Si coated Nb-alloy evaluated by Gleeble testing Kumawat, Mahesh K.; Alam, Md Zafir; Kumar, Atul Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 349 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.06.046	journal	September 2018
High temperature oxidation behavior of C103 alloy with boronized and siliconized coatings during 1000 h at 1100 °C in air Swadźba, R. Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 370 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.04.019	journal	July 2019
Using kinetics to avoid sigma phase formation on hyper duplex stainless weld cladding Acuna, Andres; Ramirez, Antonio; Riffel, Kaue Correa Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, Vol. 28, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2246719	journal	December 2023
Using the Hollomon Model to Predict Strain-Hardening in Metals Kwesi Nutor, Raymond American Journal of Materials Synthesis and Processing, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmsp.20170201.11	journal	January 2017
Factors affecting dynamic recrystallization of metals and alloys Ueki, M.; Horie, S.; Nakamura, T. Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 3, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1179/mst.1987.3.5.329	journal	May 1987
A Review of Solid-Solution Models of High-Entropy Alloys Based on Ab Initio Calculations Tian, Fuyang Frontiers in Materials, Vol. 4 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2017.00036	journal	November 2017

Similar Records

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-containing 9Cr ODS ferritic alloy

Journal Article · Sun Nov 01 00:00:00 UTC 2015 · Journal of Alloys and Compounds · OSTI ID:1391967

Effect of Combined Rolling–ECAP on Ultrafine-Grained Structure and Properties in 6063 Al Alloy

Journal Article · Tue Jan 15 00:00:00 UTC 2019 · Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance · OSTI ID:22971029

The Elevated-Temperature Strength Enhancement of a Low-Cost β Titanium Alloy Through Thermomechanically-Induced Phase Transformation

Journal Article · Wed Jun 19 00:00:00 UTC 2019 · JOM. Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society · OSTI ID:1595235

Related Subjects

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Additive Manufacture
C103
Laser-Powder Bed Fusion

Ultra-high temperature testing and performance of L-PBF C103

Citation Formats

References (27)

Similar Records

Related Subjects