Two-stage crash process in resistive drift ballooning mode driven ELM crash

Seto, H.; Xu, X. Q.; Dudson, B. D.; Yagi, M.

doi:10.1063/5.0179803

Two-stage crash process in resistive drift ballooning mode driven ELM crash

Journal Article · Thu Mar 28 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0179803· OSTI ID:2567738

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We report a two-stage crash process in edge localized mode (ELM) driven by resistive drift-ballooning modes (RDBMs) numerically simulated in a full annular torus domain with a scale-separated four-field reduced MHD (RMHD) model using the BOUT++ framework. In the early nonlinear phase, the small first crash is triggered by linearly unstable RDBMs, and m/n=2/1 magnetic islands are nonlinearly excited by nonlinear coupling of RDBMs as well as their higher harmonics. Here, m is the poloidal mode number, n is the toroidal mode number, the q = 2 rational surface exists near the pressure gradient peak, and q is the safety factor. Simultaneously, middle-n RDBM turbulence develops but is poloidally localized around X-points of the magnetic islands, leading to the small energy loss. The second large crash occurs in the late nonlinear phase. Higher harmonics of m/n=2/1 magnetic islands well develop around the q = 2 surface via nonlinear coupling and make the magnetic field stochastic by magnetic island overlapping. Turbulence heat transport develops at X-points of higher harmonics of m/n=2/1 magnetic islands, resulting in the turbulence spreading in the poloidal direction. The large second crash is triggered when the turbulence covers the whole poloidal region so that the magnetic island generation and magnetic field stochastization before the large crash can be interpreted as ELM precursors. It is concluded that the ELM trigger is attributed to the turbulent spreading in the poloidal direction in synchronization with the magnetic field stochastization and the crash is driven by E × B convection rather than the conventional Rechester–Rosenbluth anomalous electron heat transport.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 2567738

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Journal Name: Physics of Plasmas Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 31; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of PhysicsCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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