Limiting current in a collisional crossed-field gap

Breen, Lorin I.; Cartwright, Keith L.; Loveless, Amanda M.; Garner, Allen L.

doi:10.1063/5.0223826

Limiting current in a collisional crossed-field gap

Journal Article · Wed Sep 18 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0223826· OSTI ID:2567676

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Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Crossed-field devices are often used in pulsed power and high-power microwave applications. Previous studies derived closed-form solutions for the limiting current of a vacuum crossed-field system, corresponding to the maximum permissible current for laminar flow, below and above the Hull cutoff B_H for magnetic insulation. We extend these studies by introducing collision frequency into the electron force law as a friction term to derive the limiting current in a collisional crossed-field gap. The resulting solution recovers the vacuum crossed-field case in the limit of no collisions and the collisional space-charge limited current with general initial velocity for magnetic field B → 0. In the limit of infinite collisions, we obtain a crossed-field equivalent to the Mott–Gurney law for the maximum current permissible in a collisional, nonmagnetic diode. When the collision frequency ν is less than the electron cyclotron frequency Ω, increasing initial velocity makes the critical current nonmonotonic with increasing ν with the critical current higher at B = B_H for ν = Ω. As for a misaligned crossed-field gap where a component of the magnetic field was introduced parallel to the electric field across the gap, magnetic insulation is eliminated and the discontinuity at B = B_H for limiting current observed in a vacuum crossed-field gap vanishes. As B → ∞, the limiting current approaches a constant that depends on the initial velocity and the collision frequency.

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Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research (ONR); USDOE; USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2567676

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2587644

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Journal Name: Physics of Plasmas Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 31; ISSN 1070-664X; ISSN 1089-7674

Publisher:: AIP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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