Indistinguishable telecom band photons from a single Er ion in the solid state

Ourari, Salim; Dusanowski, Łukasz; Horvath, Sebastian P.; Uysal, Mehmet T.; Phenicie, Christopher M.; Stevenson, Paul; Raha, Mouktik; Chen, Songtao; Cava, Robert J.; de Leon, Nathalie P.; Thompson, Jeff D.

doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06281-4

Indistinguishable telecom band photons from a single Er ion in the solid state

Journal Article · Wed Aug 30 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Nature (London)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06281-4· OSTI ID:2565267

Ourari, Salim ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Phenicie, Christopher M. ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[1]; ^[3]; Cava, Robert J. ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]

Princeton University, NJ (United States)
Princeton University, NJ (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)
Princeton University, NJ (United States); Rice University, Houston, TX (United States)

Atomic defects in the solid state are a key component of quantum repeater networks for long-distance quantum communication1. Recently, there has been significant interest in rare earth ions, in particular Er³⁺ for its telecom band optical transition that allows long-distance transmission in optical fibres. However, the development of repeater nodes based on rare earth ions has been hampered by optical spectral diffusion, precluding indistinguishable single-photon generation. Here, we implant Er³⁺ into CaWO₄, a material that combines a non-polar site symmetry, low decoherence from nuclear spins and is free of background rare earth ions, to realize significantly reduced optical spectral diffusion. For shallow implanted ions coupled to nanophotonic cavities with large Purcell factor, we observe single-scan optical linewidths of 150 kHz and long-term spectral diffusion of 63 kHz, both close to the Purcell-enhanced radiative linewidth of 21 kHz. This enables the observation of Hong–Ou–Mandel interference between successively emitted photons with a visibility of V = 80(4)%, measured after a 36 km delay line. We also observe spin relaxation times T_1,s = 3.7 s and T_2,s > 200 μs, with the latter limited by paramagnetic impurities in the crystal instead of nuclear spins. Furthermore, this represents a notable step towards the construction of telecom band quantum repeater networks with single Er³⁺ ions.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Princeton University, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); DARPA DRINQS; NSF MRSEC; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704; SC0020120

OSTI ID:: 2565267

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2421429

Journal Information:: Nature (London), Journal Name: Nature (London) Journal Issue: 7976 Vol. 620; ISSN 0028-0836

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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