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A Platform Approach for Designing Sustainable Indole Thiosemicarbazone Corrosion Inhibitors with Enhanced Adsorption Properties

Journal Article · · Langmuir
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [1];  [1]
  1. Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
  2. Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  3. Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States); Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA (United States)
  4. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC (United States)
  5. Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr (Germany)

With an estimated global cost of $2.5 trillion per year, metal corrosion represents a major challenge across all industrial sectors. Numerous inorganic and organic corrosion inhibitors have been developed, but there are growing concerns about their toxicity and impact on the environment. Here, in this work, superior organic corrosion inhibitors based on indole-3-carboxaldehyde, a compound commonly found in the digestive system, and thiosemicarbazones, a safe class of ligands, were designed and studied for mild steel in pH 1 sulfuric acid solutions. Electroanalytical techniques and gravimetric tests revealed inhibition efficiencies as high as 98.9% at 30 °C. Models using Langmuir isotherms gave adsorption equilibrium constants Kads of 2 to 9 × 104 M–1 and corresponding Gibbs free energies of adsorption (ΔGads) as high as -41.44 kJ mol–1, indicating their chemisorption. SEM images confirmed the efficacy of these corrosion inhibitors, as surface features showed limited to no changes after tests. Surface analysis by XPS and LC-MS revealed inhibitor concentrations on the order of 0.7 to 1.8 μg cm–2 for the best compounds, further underlining their performance at low concentrations. Mapping of the surface by MALDI-MS further confirmed the homogeneous coating of the steel surface, with no visible fluctuations in concentrations. As all inhibitors shared the same indole thiosemicarbazone platform, unique structure–performance relationships were drawn from theoretical calculations. Notably, DFT and AIMD explained the differences in performance, highlighting the role of side groups in the distribution of the molecular orbitals and the role of water molecules in enhancing the electronic properties of the organic corrosion inhibitors and promoting their chemisorption.

Research Organization:
Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division (CSGB)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-07CH11358; EE0008492; AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
2558002
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 2569942
Report Number(s):
AL-J--766
Journal Information:
Langmuir, Journal Name: Langmuir Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 41; ISSN 0743-7463
Publisher:
American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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