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Assessing Radiative Feedbacks and Their Contribution to the Arctic Amplification Measured by Various Metrics

Journal Article · · Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2024jd040880· OSTI ID:2539819
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [1];  [5];  [1]
  1. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  2. Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
  3. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  4. Department of Oceanography Naval Postgraduate School Monterey CA USA
  5. Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations
Arctic amplification (AA), characterized by a more rapid surface air temperature (SAT) warming in the Arctic than the global average, is a major feature of global climate warming. Various metrics have been used to quantify AA based on SAT anomalies, trends, or variability, and they can yield quite different conclusions regarding the magnitude and temporal patterns of AA. This study examines and compares various AA metrics for their temporal consistency in the region north of 70°N from the early twentieth to the early 21st century using observational data and reanalysis products. We also quantify contributions of different radiative feedback mechanisms to AA based on short-term climate variability in reanalysis and model data using the Kernel-Gregory approach. Albedo and lapse rate feedbacks are positive and comparable, with albedo feedback being the leading contributor for all AA metrics. The net cloud feedback, which has large uncertainties, depends strongly on the data sets and AA metrics used. By quantifying the influence of internal variability on AA and related feedbacks based on global climate model ensemble simulations, we find that water vapor and cloud feedbacks are most heavily affected by internal variability.
Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231; AC05-76RL01830
OSTI ID:
2539819
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA--194815
Journal Information:
Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres Journal Issue: 21 Vol. 129; ISSN 2169-897X
Publisher:
American Geophysical Union; WileyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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