United States multi-sector land use and land cover base maps to support human and Earth system models

Oliver, Jay; McManamay, Ryan A.

doi:10.1038/s41597-025-04713-6

United States multi-sector land use and land cover base maps to support human and Earth system models

Journal Article · Wed Mar 19 00:00:00 EDT 2025 · Scientific Data (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-04713-6· OSTI ID:2532478

Oliver, Jay;

Abstract

Earth System Models (ESMs) require current and future projections of land use and landcover change (LULC) to simulate land-atmospheric interactions and global biogeochemical cycles. Among the most utilized land systems in ESMs are the Community Land Model (CLM) and the Land-Use Harmonization 2 (LUH2) products. Regional studies also use these products by extending coarse projections to finer resolutions via downscaling or by using multisector dynamic (MSD) models. One such MSD model is the Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM), which has its own independent land module, but often relies on CLM or LUH2 as spatial inputs for its base years. However, this requires harmonization of thematically incongruent land systems at multiple spatial resolutions, leading to uncertainty and error propagation. To resolve these issues, we develop a thematically consistent LULC system for the conterminous United States adaptable to multiple MSD frameworks to support research at a regional level. Using empirically derived spatial products, we developed a series of base maps for multiple contemporary years of observation at a 30-m resolution that support flexibility and interchangeability amongst LUH2, CLM, and GCAM classification systems.

View Journal Article

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 2532478

Journal Information:: Scientific Data (Online), Journal Name: Scientific Data (Online) Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 12; ISSN 2052-4463

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

References (70)

Earth system models: an overview: Earth system models Flato, Gregory M. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, Vol. 2, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.148	journal	November 2011
Transparency, trust, and integrated assessment models: An ethical consideration for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Robertson, Simon WIREs Climate Change, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.679	journal	October 2020
Temperate and Mediterranean Forests \| Subalpine and Boreal Forests Balliet, N. A.; Hawkins, C. D. B. Encyclopedia of Forest Sciences https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-12-145160-7/00181-2	book	January 2004
Simulating International Drought Experiment field observations using the Community Land Model Hilton, Timothy W.; Loik, Michael E.; Campbell, J. Elliott Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 266-267 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.12.016	journal	March 2019
CropScape: A Web service based application for exploring and disseminating US conterminous geospatial cropland data products for decision support Han, Weiguo; Yang, Zhengwei; Di, Liping Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Vol. 84 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2012.03.005	journal	June 2012
Data-driven spatial modeling of global long-term urban land development: The SELECT model Gao, Jing; O'Neill, Brian C. Environmental Modelling & Software, Vol. 119 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.06.015	journal	September 2019
The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and their energy, land use, and greenhouse gas emissions implications: An overview Riahi, Keywan; van Vuuren, Detlef P.; Kriegler, Elmar Global Environmental Change, Vol. 42 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.05.009	journal	January 2017
Conterminous United States land cover change patterns 2001–2016 from the 2016 National Land Cover Database Homer, Collin; Dewitz, Jon; Jin, Suming ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Vol. 162 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.02.019	journal	April 2020
Evaluation of hydrologic components of community land model 4 and bias identification Du, Enhao; Vittorio, Alan Di; Collins, William D. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Vol. 48 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2015.03.013	journal	June 2016
Assessing the accuracy of multi-temporal built-up land layers across rural-urban trajectories in the United States Leyk, Stefan; Uhl, Johannes H.; Balk, Deborah Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 204 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.08.035	journal	January 2018
Thematic accuracy assessment of the NLCD 2016 land cover for the conterminous United States Wickham, James; Stehman, Stephen V.; Sorenson, Daniel G. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 257 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112357	journal	May 2021
Projections of land use changes under the plant functional type classification in different SSP-RCP scenarios in China Liao, Weilin; Liu, Xiaoping; Xu, Xiyun Science Bulletin, Vol. 65, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2020.07.014	journal	November 2020
Landscapes as patches of plant functional types: An integrating concept for climate and ecosystem models: PLANT FUNCTIONAL TYPES AND CLIMATE MODELS Bonan, Gordon B.; Levis, Samuel; Kergoat, Laurent Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 16, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GB001360	journal	May 2002
Representing a new MODIS consistent land surface in the Community Land Model (CLM 3.0) Lawrence, Peter J.; Chase, Thomas N. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, Issue G1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JG000168	journal	January 2007
Improvements to the Community Land Model and their impact on the hydrological cycle: COMMUNITY LAND MODEL HYDROLOGY Oleson, K. W.; Niu, G. -Y.; Yang, Z. -L. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 113, Issue G1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JG000563	journal	March 2008
Quantifying carbon-nitrogen feedbacks in the Community Land Model (CLM4): CARBON-NITROGEN FEEDBACKS IN CLM4 Bonan, Gordon B.; Levis, Samuel Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 37, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL042430	journal	April 2010
The Community Land Model Version 5: Description of New Features, Benchmarking, and Impact of Forcing Uncertainty Lawrence, David M.; Fisher, Rosie A.; Koven, Charles D. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 11, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001583	journal	December 2019
Simulating Agriculture in the Community Land Model Version 5 Lombardozzi, Danica L.; Lu, Yaqiong; Lawrence, Peter J. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 125, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JG005529	journal	August 2020
Validation of the Community Land Model Version 5 Over the Contiguous United States (CONUS) Using In Situ and Remote Sensing Data Sets Cheng, Yanyan; Huang, Maoyi; Zhu, Bowen Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 126, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD033539	journal	March 2021
Improving CLM5.0 Biomass and Carbon Exchange Across the Western United States Using a Data Assimilation System Raczka, Brett; Hoar, Timothy J.; Duarte, Henrique F. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 13, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002421	journal	July 2021
Multisector Dynamics: Advancing the Science of Complex Adaptive Human‐Earth Systems Reed, Patrick M.; Hadjimichael, Antonia; Moss, Richard H. Earth's Future, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002621	journal	March 2022
Future Land Use/Land Cover Change Has Nontrivial and Potentially Dominant Impact on Global Gross Primary Productivity Hou, Haiyan; Zhou, Bing‐Bing; Pei, Fengsong Earth's Future, Vol. 10, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002628	journal	September 2022
Shuttle radar topography mission produces a wealth of data Farr, Tom G.; Kobrick, Mike Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, Vol. 81, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1029/EO081i048p00583	journal	January 2000
Mapping global urban land for the 21st century with data-driven simulations and Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Gao, Jing; O’Neill, Brian C. Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15788-7	journal	May 2020
Large disagreements in estimates of urban land across scales and their implications Chakraborty, Tc; Venter, Zander S.; Demuzere, Matthias Nature Communications, Vol. 15, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-52241-5	journal	October 2024
Global land use for 2015–2100 at 0.05° resolution under diverse socioeconomic and climate scenarios Chen, Min; Vernon, Chris R.; Graham, Neal T. Scientific Data, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00669-x	journal	October 2020
U.S. national water and energy land dataset for integrated multisector dynamics research Sturtevant, Jillian; McManamay, Ryan A.; DeRolph, Christopher R. Scientific Data, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01290-w	journal	April 2022
Characterizing uncertainty in Community Land Model version 5 hydrological applications in the United States Yan, Hongxiang; Sun, Ning; Eldardiry, Hisham Scientific Data, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02049-7	journal	April 2023
Impact of climate, rising atmospheric carbon dioxide, and other environmental factors on water-use efficiency at multiple land cover types Umair, Muhammad; Kim, Daeun; Choi, Minha Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68472-7	journal	July 2020
Present and future Köppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution Beck, Hylke E.; Zimmermann, Niklaus E.; McVicar, Tim R. Scientific Data, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.214	journal	October 2018
Monitoring US agriculture: the US Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Cropland Data Layer Program Boryan, Claire; Yang, Zhengwei; Mueller, Rick Geocarto International, Vol. 26, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2011.562309	journal	August 2011
Downscaling global land cover projections from an integrated assessment model for use in regional analyses: results and evaluation for the US from 2005 to 2095 West, Tristram O.; Le Page, Yannick; Huang, Maoyi Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/6/064004	journal	May 2014
Assessing the land-use harmonization (LUH) 2 dataset in Central Asia for regional climate model projection Qiu, Yuan; Feng, Jinming; Yan, Zhongwei Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 18, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/accfb2	journal	May 2023
circlize implements and enhances circular visualization in R Gu, Zuguang; Gu, Lei; Eils, Roland Bioinformatics, Vol. 30, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu393	journal	June 2014
Some Contributions of Integrated Assessment Models of Global Climate Change Weyant, John Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/reep/rew018	journal	January 2017
The extent of the North American boreal zone Brandt, J. P. Environmental Reviews, Vol. 17, Issue NA https://doi.org/10.1139/A09-004	journal	December 2009
Integrated Assessment Models of Global Climate Change Parson, Edward A.; Fisher-Vanden, and Karen Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, Vol. 22, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.22.1.589	journal	November 1997
The Land Surface Climatology of the Community Land Model Coupled to the NCAR Community Climate Model* Bonan, Gordon B.; Oleson, Keith W.; Vertenstein, Mariana Journal of Climate, Vol. 15, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<3123:TLSCOT>2.0.CO;2	journal	November 2002
The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) Meehl, Gerald A.; Boer, George J.; Covey, Curt Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 81, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(2000)081<0313:TCMIPC>2.3.CO;2	journal	February 2000
Simulating Springtime Temperature Patterns in the Community Atmosphere Model Coupled to the Community Land Model Using Prognostic Leaf Area Levis, Samuel; Bonan, Gordon B. Journal of Climate, Vol. 17, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1175/3218.1	journal	December 2004
The Community Earth System Model: A Framework for Collaborative Research Hurrell, James W.; Holland, M. M.; Gent, P. R. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 94, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00121.1	journal	September 2013
Estimates of Global Surface Hydrology and Heat Fluxes from the Community Land Model (CLM4.5) with Four Atmospheric Forcing Datasets Wang, Aihui; Zeng, Xubin; Guo, Donglin Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 17, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-16-0041.1	journal	September 2016
Systematic Evaluation of a High-Resolution CLM5 Simulation over Continental China for 1979–2018 Ma, Xin; Wang, Aihui Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 23, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-22-0051.1	journal	December 2022
Development and Applications of a Comprehensive Land Use Classification and Map for the US Theobald, David M. PLoS ONE, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094628	journal	April 2014
Quantification of Land-Use/Land Cover Change as Driver of Earth System Dynamics (Final Technical Report) Hurtt, George C. https://doi.org/10.2172/1523270	report	May 2019
The Global 200: Priority Ecoregions for Global Conservation Olson, David M.; Dinerstein, Eric Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 89, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.2307/3298564	journal	April 2002
Completion of the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 1992–2001 Land Cover Change Retrofit product Fry, J. A.; Coan, Michael; Homer, Collin G. https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081379	report	January 2009
Implication of land use change to biogeophysical and biogeochemical processes in Jambi, Indonesia: Analysed using CLM5 Ma’rufah, Ummu; June, Tania; Faqih, Akhmad Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Vol. 32, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3319/TAO.2020.12.17.01	journal	January 2021
Fire dynamics during the 20th century simulated by the Community Land Model Kloster, S.; Mahowald, N. M.; Randerson, J. T. Biogeosciences, Vol. 7, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-1877-2010	journal	January 2010
Global Carbon Budget 2018 Le Quéré, Corinne; Andrew, Robbie M.; Friedlingstein, Pierre Earth System Science Data, Vol. 10, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-2141-2018	journal	January 2018
Global Carbon Budget 2017 Le Quéré, Corinne; Andrew, Robbie M.; Friedlingstein, Pierre Earth System Science Data, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-405-2018	journal	January 2018
Global Carbon Budget 2019 Friedlingstein, Pierre; Jones, Matthew W.; O'Sullivan, Michael Earth System Science Data, Vol. 11, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1783-2019	journal	January 2019
Global Carbon Budget 2020 Friedlingstein, Pierre; O'Sullivan, Michael; Jones, Matthew W. Earth System Science Data, Vol. 12, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3269-2020	journal	January 2020
Land-use harmonization datasets for annual global carbon budgets Chini, Louise; Hurtt, George; Sahajpal, Ritvik Earth System Science Data, Vol. 13, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4175-2021	journal	January 2021
Landsat-based Irrigation Dataset (LANID): 30 m resolution maps of irrigation distribution, frequency, and change for the US, 1997–2017 Xie, Yanhua; Gibbs, Holly K.; Lark, Tyler J. Earth System Science Data, Vol. 13, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5689-2021	journal	December 2021
Global Carbon Budget 2021 Friedlingstein, Pierre; Jones, Matthew W.; O'Sullivan, Michael Earth System Science Data, Vol. 14, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1917-2022	journal	April 2022
Global Carbon Budget 2022 Friedlingstein, Pierre; O'Sullivan, Michael; Jones, Matthew W. Earth System Science Data, Vol. 14, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4811-2022	journal	November 2022
The global carbon budget 1959–2011 Le Quéré, C.; Andres, R. J.; Boden, T. Earth System Science Data, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-165-2013	journal	January 2013
Global Carbon Budget 2016 Le Quéré, Corinne; Andrew, Robbie M.; Canadell, Josep G. Earth System Science Data, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-605-2016	journal	January 2016
Calibration and analysis of the uncertainty in downscaling global land use and land cover projections from GCAM using Demeter (v1.0.0) Chen, Min; Vernon, Chris R.; Huang, Maoyi Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 12, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-1753-2019	journal	January 2019
GCAM v5.1: representing the linkages between energy, water, land, climate, and economic systems Calvin, Katherine; Patel, Pralit; Clarke, Leon Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-677-2019	journal	January 2019
Global rules for translating land-use change (LUH2) to land-cover change for CMIP6 using GLM2 Ma, Lei; Hurtt, George C.; Chini, Louise P. Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 13, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3203-2020	journal	January 2020
Harmonization of global land use change and management for the period 850–2100 (LUH2) for CMIP6 Hurtt, George C.; Chini, Louise; Sahajpal, Ritvik Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 13, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-5425-2020	journal	January 2020
Development of high resolution land surface parameters for the Community Land Model Ke, Y.; Leung, L. R.; Huang, M. Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-5-1341-2012	journal	January 2012
Modeling agriculture in the Community Land Model Drewniak, B.; Song, J.; Prell, J. Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-495-2013	journal	January 2013
The Land Use Model Intercomparison Project (LUMIP) contribution to CMIP6: rationale and experimental design Lawrence, David M.; Hurtt, George C.; Arneth, Almut Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 9, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-2973-2016	journal	January 2016
Downscaling land use and land cover from the Global Change Assessment Model for coupling with Earth system models Le Page, Yannick; West, Tris O.; Link, Robert Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 9, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3055-2016	journal	January 2016
United States multi-sector land use and land cover base maps to support human and Earth system models. Oliver, Jay; McManamay, Ryan A. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15025165	software	March 2025
Demeter – A Land Use and Land Cover Change Disaggregation Model Vernon, Chris R.; Le Page, Yannick; Chen, Min Journal of Open Research Software, Vol. 6 https://doi.org/10.5334/jors.208	journal	January 2018
United States Multi-Sector Dynamics land use and land cover base maps to support Human-Earth System Modeling Oliver, Jay; McManamay, Ryan MultiSector Dynamics - Living, Intuitive, Value-adding, Environment https://doi.org/10.57931/2246609	dataset	January 2024

Similar Records

United States Multi-Sector Dynamics land use and land cover base maps to support Human-Earth System Modeling

Dataset · Fri Jan 05 23:00:00 EST 2024 · OSTI ID:2246609

Global land use for 2015-2100 at 0.05° resolution under diverse socioeconomic and climate scenarios

Dataset · Sun Aug 02 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · OSTI ID:1644253

United States multi-sector land use and land cover base maps to support human and Earth system models

Citation Formats

References (70)

Similar Records

Related Subjects