Skip to main content
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Binding of Sulfates and Water to Monovalent Cations

Journal Article · · Journal of Physical Chemistry. A, Molecules, Spectroscopy, Kinetics, Environment, and General Theory

The binding of the sulfate ligand group to monovalent cations in the presence of water is important for many systems. To understand the structure and energetics of sulfate complexes, we use density functional theory to study ethyl sulfate binding to the monovalent cations Li+, Na+, and K+, and to water. The free energies of binding and optimal structures are calculated for a range of the number of ethyl sulfates and waters. Without water, the most optimal structure for all the cations is bidentate binding by two ethyl sulfates, yielding a 4-fold coordination. With water, the lowest free energy structures also have two ethyl sulfates, but the coordination varies with cations. For complexes with water, the four oxygen atoms in the sulfate group enable multiple binding geometries for the cations and for hydrogen bonding with water. Many of these geometries differ in free energy by only a small amount (1–2 kcal/mol), meaning there will be multiple binding configurations in bulk solution. In comparison to the optimal structures for binding to the carboxylate group, there is more variation for binding to the sulfate group as a function of cation type and the number of waters. Further, the polarization of the atoms is significant and varies among the sulfate oxygen atoms. The water oxygen charge is often larger than that of sulfate oxygen, which plays a role in the preference for monodentate ligand binding to cations in the presence of water.

Research Organization:
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States). Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
NA0003525
OSTI ID:
2530838
Report Number(s):
SAND--2025-02983J
Journal Information:
Journal of Physical Chemistry. A, Molecules, Spectroscopy, Kinetics, Environment, and General Theory, Journal Name: Journal of Physical Chemistry. A, Molecules, Spectroscopy, Kinetics, Environment, and General Theory Journal Issue: 50 Vol. 128; ISSN 1089-5639
Publisher:
American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (62)

Solute-Solvent Charge Transfer in Aqueous Solution journal September 2005
Determining atom-centered monopoles from molecular electrostatic potentials. The need for high sampling density in formamide conformational analysis journal April 1990
A Computational Exercise Illustrating Molecular Vibrations and Normal Modes journal August 1998
Assessment of Simple Models for Molecular Simulation of Ethylene Carbonate and Propylene Carbonate as Solvents for Electrolyte Solutions journal February 2018
VMD: Visual molecular dynamics journal February 1996
Structural Models and Molecular Thermodynamics of Hydration of Ions and Small Molecules book September 2012
The hydration number of Na+ in liquid water journal July 2001
Ion selectivity from local configurations of ligands in solutions and ion channels journal January 2010
Quasi-chemical theory for anion hydration and specific ion effects: Cl - (aq) vs. F - (aq) journal October 2019
K+/Na+ Selectivity in K Channels and Valinomycin: Over-coordination Versus Cavity-size constraints journal February 2008
Structure and stability of Li(I) and Na(I) – Carboxylate, sulfate and phosphate complexes journal July 2007
Hydrated Anions: From Clusters to Bulk Solution with Quasi-Chemical Theory journal July 2022
A Systematic Study of DFT Performance for Geometry Optimizations of Ionic Liquid Clusters journal August 2020
Dispersion- and Exchange-Corrected Density Functional Theory for Sodium Ion Hydration journal June 2015
Scaling Atomic Partial Charges of Carbonate Solvents for Lithium Ion Solvation and Diffusion journal November 2016
Molecular Simulations of Aqueous Electrolytes: Role of Explicit Inclusion of Charge Transfer into Force Fields journal November 2021
Octa-Coordination and the Aqueous Ba 2+ Ion journal July 2015
Ion-Specific Effects in Carboxylate Binding Sites journal November 2016
Polarizability Plays a Decisive Role in Modulating Association between Molecular Cations and Anions journal July 2023
Binding of Li+ to Negatively Charged and Neutral Ligands in Polymer Electrolytes journal November 2023
Quantum Mechanical Continuum Solvation Models journal August 2005
Polarization Effects in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Solutions journal October 2007
The missing term in effective pair potentials journal November 1987
Thermodynamic analysis of the growth of sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles journal May 1980
Binding properties of carbohydrate O-sulfate esters based on ab initio 6-31 +G** calculations on methyl and ethyl sulfate anions journal October 1993
Structural Transitions in Ion Coordination Driven by Changes in Competition for Ligand Binding journal November 2008
Charge-Transfer Interactions in Macromolecular Systems:  A New View of the Protein/Water Interface journal June 1998
The Hydration Number of Li + in Liquid Water journal February 2000
A Quantum Mechanical Study on the Electrostratic Interactions of Poly(l-lysine)·Alkyl Sulfate Complexes journal April 2003
Studies of the Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrogen Gas in Bulk Water journal January 2008
Probing the Thermodynamics of Competitive Ion Binding Using Minimum Energy Structures journal July 2011
Self-Diffusion and Viscosity in Electrolyte Solutions journal September 2012
Neutron Scattering Studies of the Hydration Structure of Li + journal January 2015
Role of Charge Transfer in Water Diffusivity in Aqueous Ionic Solutions journal July 2014
Inner shell definition and absolute hydration free energy of K + (aq) on the basis of quasi-chemical theory and ab initio molecular dynamics journal January 2004
Carboxylate binding prefers two cations to one journal January 2022
Binding of carboxylate and water to monovalent cations journal January 2023
Long-range corrected hybrid density functionals with damped atom–atom dispersion corrections journal January 2008
Accounting for electronic polarization in non-polarizable force fields journal January 2011
Case study of Rb+(aq), quasi-chemical theory of ion hydration, and the no split occupancies rule journal January 2013
Quasi-chemical theory and implicit solvent models for simulations conference January 1999
Accurate correlation consistent basis sets for molecular core–valence correlation effects: The second row atoms Al–Ar, and the first row atoms B–Ne revisited journal December 2002
Continuum level treatment of electronic polarization in the framework of molecular simulations of solvation effects journal October 2003
Ab initio molecular dynamics calculations of ion hydration free energies journal May 2009
Comparison of simple potential functions for simulating liquid water journal July 1983
The effects of charge transfer on the aqueous solvation of ions journal July 2012
Communication: Modeling of concentration dependent water diffusivity in ionic solutions: Role of intermolecular charge transfer journal December 2015
Quasi-chemical theory of F (aq): The “no split occupancies rule” revisited journal October 2017
Gaussian basis sets for use in correlated molecular calculations. XI. Pseudopotential-based and all-electron relativistic basis sets for alkali metal (K–Fr) and alkaline earth (Ca–Ra) elements journal December 2017
Comparison of single-ion molecular dynamics in common solvents journal June 2018
Strontium and barium in aqueous solution and a potassium channel binding site journal June 2018
A force field of Li + , Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Cl , and SO42− in aqueous solution based on the TIP4P/2005 water model and scaled charges for the ions journal October 2019
Monoalkyl sulfates as alkylating agents in water, alkylsulfatase rate enhancements, and the "energy-rich" nature of sulfate half-esters journal December 2006
Selectivity in K+ channels is due to topological control of the permeant ion's coordinated state journal May 2007
Utility of chemical computations in predicting solution free energies of metal ions journal June 2017
Keratan Sulfate Biosynthesis journal October 2002
Design principles for K + selectivity in membrane transport journal May 2011
Sulfation of Glycosaminoglycans and Its Implications in Human Health and Disorders journal June 2017
Hydration Mimicry by Membrane Ion Channels journal April 2020
Matching the Diversity of Sulfated Biomolecules: Creation of a Classification Database for Sulfatases Reflecting Their Substrate Specificity journal October 2016
Tuning Ion Coordination Architectures to Enable Selective Partitioning journal August 2007
Free Energies of Hydrated Halide Anions: High Through-Put Computations on Clusters to Treat Rough Energy-Landscapes journal May 2021

Similar Records

Binding of carboxylate and water to monovalent cations
Journal Article · Fri Oct 20 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. PCCP · OSTI ID:2311570

Crystal structure of neptunium(V) sulfate hexahydrate, (NpO{sub 2}){sub 2}SO{sub 4} . 6H{sub 2}O
Journal Article · Tue Mar 14 23:00:00 EST 2006 · Crystallography Reports · OSTI ID:21091502

Carboxylate binding prefers two cations to one
Journal Article · Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. PCCP · OSTI ID:1894604