Quantum stresses in the hydrogen atom

Freese, Adam

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.111.034047

Quantum stresses in the hydrogen atom

Journal Article · Wed Feb 26 23:00:00 EST 2025 · Physical Review. D.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.111.034047· OSTI ID:2524593

Gravitational form factors are often interpreted as providing access to stresses inside hadrons, in particular through Fourier transforms of the form factors $D$ and $\bar{c}$ . Some researchers, however, have expressed skepticism of this interpretation. I revisit the question, and argue that it is indeed appropriate to interpret these quantities as stress distributions. I consider the hydrogen atom’s ground state as a familiar example, and use the pilot wave interpretation of quantum mechanics to give the distributions a clear meaning. A striking result is that $\bar{c}$ —rather than $D$ —quantifies the force law binding the system, which can be understood through Cauchy’s first law of motion.

Published by the American Physical Society 2025

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-06OR23177

OSTI ID:: 2524593

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2525918

Journal Information:: Physical Review. D., Journal Name: Physical Review. D. Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 111; ISSN PRVDAQ; ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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