Transient Stability-Enhancing Method for Grid-Forming Inverters Under Current Limiting

Baeckeland, Nathan; Yang, Bowen; Seo, Gab-Su

doi:10.1109/tpel.2025.3532490

Transient Stability-Enhancing Method for Grid-Forming Inverters Under Current Limiting

Journal Article · Tue Jan 21 00:00:00 EST 2025 · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2025.3532490· OSTI ID:2522815

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National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

The primary controller of a grid-forming (GFM) inverter governs the internal reference voltage and angle, which enables the inverter to naturally synchronize and share power with the connected grid; however, during disturbances on the grid caused by, e.g., line faults, overloading, or frequency and phase shifts, a GFM inverter can be pushed into a current-limited operation to protect the device against thermal damage. This can lead to a windup of the internal reference frequency generated by the primary controller and cause a total loss of synchronism with the grid. Here, to make the primary controller of GFM inverters more robust against transient instability, this paper proposes a method that manipulates the reference signals governed by the primary controller by introducing the concept of fictitious power. The fictitious power counteracts the integrator windup in the primary controller, which enables the current-limited inverter to conceive a stable operating point. This method is benchmarked against five state-of-the-art GFM inverter stabilization methods to evaluate its stability-enhancing performance. Full-order electromagnetic-transient simulations and experimental results of a hardware inverter test setup validate the benefits of the method to improve the transient stability of GFM inverters in the face of grid disturbances.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 2522815

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5D00-88907; MainId:89686; UUID:281b3593-1253-4f77-8c37-919981f51355; MainAdminId:75940

Journal Information:: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 40; ISSN 0885-8993

Publisher:: IEEECopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
current limiting
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