Segmentation of RDX and TNT in X‐Ray Computed Tomography Reconstructions of Melt‐Cast Explosives

Rogers, Brian M.; Hardy, Anthony J.; Coffee, Keith R.; Zaka, Fowzia; Sain, John D.; Karimi, Seemeen S.; Gagliardi, Franco J.; Browne, Jolyon A.; Tringe, Joseph W.

doi:10.1002/prep.202400065

Segmentation of RDX and TNT in X‐Ray Computed Tomography Reconstructions of Melt‐Cast Explosives

Journal Article · Thu Dec 19 19:00:00 EST 2024 · Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202400065· OSTI ID:2515677

^[1]; Hardy, Anthony J. ^[1]; ^[1]; Zaka, Fowzia ^[1]; Sain, John D. ^[1]; Karimi, Seemeen S. ^[1]; Gagliardi, Franco J. ^[1]; Browne, Jolyon A. ^[1]; Tringe, Joseph W. ^[1]

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore California USA

ABSTRACT

Three‐dimensional mesoscale characterization of heterogeneous melt‐cast high explosives is challenging because of the difficulty differentiating binder from explosive crystals: two functionally different materials which are typically similar in density by design. Here, we report an algorithm which can differentiate hexahydro‐1,3,5‐trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazine (RDX) from 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT) in x‐ray computed tomography (CT) volumes with tens of microns resolution. This method allows us to quantify RDX/TNT content, porosity, and RDX domain size. We calibrated the segmentation algorithm using simulated x‐ray CT volumes containing object models of RDX crystals within a TNT matrix. We then segmented and analyzed CT data for Composition B (Comp B), a 60/40 RDX/TNT mixture, and Cyclotol, a 75/25 RDX/TNT mixture. We examined melt‐cast samples fabricated with 100% theoretical maximum density (TMD) and 85% TMD. For the 100% TMD Comp B and Cyclotol samples, the RDX content values calculated by segmentation were 3% and 9% lower, respectively, than the values measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography on material from the same synthesis lots. This result is consistent with the expected underreporting of RDX content resulting from x‐ray CT resolution limits on RDX particles with diameters smaller than 25 µm. The 85% TMD samples were less accurately segmented with our algorithm due to the confounding presence of voids.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 2515677

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2523708

Journal Information:: Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Journal Name: Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 50; ISSN 0721-3115

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

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