Intrinsic optical bistability of photon avalanching nanocrystals

Skripka, Artiom; Zhang, Zhuolei; Qi, Xiao; Ursprung, Benedikt; Ercius, Peter; Cohen, Bruce E.; Schuck, P. James; Jaque, Daniel; Chan, Emory M.

doi:10.1038/s41566-024-01577-x

Intrinsic optical bistability of photon avalanching nanocrystals

Journal Article · Thu Jan 02 23:00:00 EST 2025 · Nature Photonics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-024-01577-x· OSTI ID:2514367

^[1]; Zhang, Zhuolei ^[2]; ^[3]; Ursprung, Benedikt ^[4]; ^[3]; ^[3]; ^[4]; ^[5]; ^[3]

Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Molecular Foundry; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Molecular Foundry; Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology, Wuhan (China)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Molecular Foundry
Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain)

Optically bistable materials respond to a single input with two possible optical outputs, contingent on excitation history. Such materials would be ideal for optical switching and memory, but the limited understanding of intrinsic optical bistability (IOB) prevents the development of nanoscale IOB materials suitable for devices. Here we demonstrate IOB in Nd³⁺-doped KPb₂Cl₅ avalanching nanoparticles, which switch with high contrast between luminescent and non-luminescent states, with hysteresis characteristic of bistability. Here we elucidate a non-thermal mechanism in which IOB originates from suppressed non-radiative relaxation in Nd³⁺ ions and from the positive feedback of photon avalanching, resulting in extreme, >200th-order optical nonlinearities. The modulation of laser pulsing tunes the hysteresis widths, and dual-laser excitation enables transistor-like optical switching. This control over nanoscale IOB establishes avalanching nanoparticles for photonic devices in which light is used to manipulate light.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2514367

Journal Information:: Nature Photonics, Journal Name: Nature Photonics Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 19; ISSN 1749-4885

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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