Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi equalize differences in plant fitness and facilitate plant species coexistence through niche differentiation

Willing, Claire E.; Wan, Joe; Yeam, Jay J.; Cessna, Alex M.; Peay, Kabir G.

doi:10.1038/s41559-024-02526-1

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi equalize differences in plant fitness and facilitate plant species coexistence through niche differentiation

Journal Article · Mon Sep 09 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Nature Ecology and Evolution

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02526-1· OSTI ID:2506972

^[1]; Wan, Joe ^[2]; ^[3]; Cessna, Alex M. ^[3]; ^[3]

Stanford University, CA (United States); University of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Departmetn of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmetnal Research Program
ETH Zürich (Switzerland)
Stanford University, CA (United States)

Mycorrhizal fungi are essential to the establishment of the vast majority of plant species but are often conceptualized with contradictory roles in plant community assembly. On the one hand, host-specific mycorrhizal fungi may allow a plant to be competitively dominant by enhancing growth. On the other hand, host-specific mycorrhizal fungi with different functional capabilities may increase nutrient niche partitioning, allowing plant species to coexist. Here, to resolve the balance of these two contradictory forces, we used a controlled greenhouse study to manipulate the presence of two main types of mycorrhizal fungus, ectomycorrhizal fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and used a range of conspecific and heterospecific competitor densities to investigate the role of mycorrhizal fungi in plant competition and coexistence. We find that the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi equalizes fitness differences between plants and stabilizes competition to create conditions for host species coexistence. Furthermore, our results show how below-ground mutualisms can shift outcomes of plant competition and that a holistic view of plant communities that incorporates their mycorrhizal partners is important in predicting plant community dynamics.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Stanford University, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); United States National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0023661

OSTI ID:: 2506972

Journal Information:: Nature Ecology and Evolution, Journal Name: Nature Ecology and Evolution Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 8; ISSN 2397-334X

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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