Influence of River Level on Temperature and Hydraulic Gradients in Chum and Fall Chinook Salmon Spawning Areas Downstream of Bonneville Dam, Columbia River

Geist, David R.; Arntzen, Evan V.; Murray, Christopher J.; McGrath, Kathleen E.; Bott, Yi-Ju; Hanrahan, Timothy P.

doi:10.1577/M07-009.1

Influence of River Level on Temperature and Hydraulic Gradients in Chum and Fall Chinook Salmon Spawning Areas Downstream of Bonneville Dam, Columbia River

Journal Article · Fri Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2008 · North American Journal of Fisheries Management

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1577/M07-009.1· OSTI ID:2506918

Geist, David R.; Arntzen, Evan V.; Murray, Christopher J.; McGrath, Kathleen E.; Bott, Yi-Ju; Hanrahan, Timothy P.

Abstract

Chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and fall Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha segregate spatially during spawning in the Ives Island side channel of the lower Columbia River downstream from Bonneville Dam. Previous research during one spawning season (2000) suggested that these species selected spawning habitats based on differences in hyporheic temperature and vertical hydraulic gradient (VHG). In this study we confirmed the spatial segregation of spawning based on hyporheic characteristics over 4 years (2001–2004) and examined the effects of load-following operations (power generation to meet short-term electrical demand) at Bonneville Dam on hyporheic function and characteristics. We found that during the study period hyporheic temperature and VHG in chum salmon spawning areas were highly variable during periods of load-following operation, when river levels fluctuated. In contrast, hyporheic water temperature and VHG within chum salmon spawning areas fluctuated less when river levels were not changing owing to load-following operation. Variable temperature and VHG could affect chum and fall Chinook salmon spawning segregation and incubation success by altering the cues each species uses to select redd sites. Additional research will be required to fully assess the effects of load-following operations on the hyporheic environment, spawning site selection, and incubation success of chum and fall Chinook salmon downstream from Bonneville Dam.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 2506918

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 928268

Journal Information:: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, Journal Name: North American Journal of Fisheries Management Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 28; ISSN 0275-5947

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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