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Batteries (2021 Annual Progress Report)

Technical Report ·
DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/2491405· OSTI ID:2491405
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  1. NanoGraf Corporation, Chicago, IL (United States)
  2. US Department of Energy (USDOE), Washington, DC (United States). Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
  3. Zenlabs Energy, Fremont, CA (United States)
  4. Microvast, Inc., Orlando, FL (United States)
  5. Nanoramic Laboratories, Boston, MA (United States)
  6. EnPower, Inc., Phoenix, AZ (United States)
  7. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, MA (United States)
  8. Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
  9. US Department of Energy (USDOE), Washington, DC (United States)
  10. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  11. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  12. Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  13. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
  14. Farasis Energy, Hayward, CA (United States)
  15. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
  16. Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)
  17. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  18. Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
  19. Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
  20. Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM CA (United States)
  21. Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM, CA (United States)
  22. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  23. Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
  24. Applied Materials, Inc., Santa Clara, CA (United States)
  25. Enovix Corporation, Fremont, CA (United States)
  26. Group14 Technologies, Inc., Woodinville WA (United States)
  27. Sila Nanotechnologies, Alameda, CA (United States)
  28. Solid Power Inc., Louisville, CO (United States)
  29. Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)
  30. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
  31. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD (United States)
  32. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  33. Cabot Corporation, Billerica, MA (United States)
  34. Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
  35. Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
  36. Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
  37. American Lithium Energy Corporation, Carlsbad, CA (United States)
  38. Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)
  39. Nexceris, Lewis Center, OH (United States)
  40. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
  41. University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  42. Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
  43. General Motors LLC, Warren, MI (United States)
  44. Univ. of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (United States)
  45. Wildcat Discovery Technologies, San Diego, CA (United States)
  46. General Motors Research and Development Center, Warren, MI (United States)
  47. Univ. of Houston, TX (United States)
  48. Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond, VA (United States)
  49. Univ. of Louisville, KY (United States)
  50. Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations
This document summarizes the progress of VTO battery R&D projects supported during the fiscal year 2021 (FY 2021). In FY 2021, the DOE VTO battery R&D funding was approximately $$\$$$$115 million. Its R&D focus was on the development of high-energy batteries for EVs as well as very high-power devices for hybrid vehicles. The electrochemical energy storage roadmap (which can be found at the EERE Roadmap web page2) describes ongoing and planned efforts to develop electrochemical storage technologies for EVs. To advance battery technology, which can in turn improve market penetration of PEVs, the program investigates various battery chemistries to overcome specific technical barriers, e.g., battery cost, performance, life (both the calendar life and the cycle life), its tolerance to abusive conditions, and its recyclability/sustainability. VTO R&D has had considerable success, lowering the cost of EV battery packs to $$\$$$$185/kWh in 2019 (representing more than 80% reduction since 2008) yet even further cost reduction is necessary for EVs to achieve head-to-head cost competitiveness with ICEs (without Federal subsidies). In addition, today’s batteries also need improvements in such areas as their ability to accept charging at a high rate, referred to as extreme fast charging (XFC) (15 minute charge) – to provide a “refueling” convenience similar to ICEs, and the ability to operate adequately at low temperatures. Research into “next-gen lithium-ion” batteries which would provide such functionalities is one of the R&D focus areas. VTO is funding research on both “next gen” chemistries (which employ an alloy anode and/or a high voltage cathode) and beyond lithium-ion (BLI) chemistries (which can, for example, employ a lithium metal anode).
Research Organization:
US Department of Energy (USDOE), Washington, DC (United States). Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO)
OSTI ID:
2491405
Report Number(s):
DOE/EE--2612
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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25 ENERGY STORAGE
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anodes
cathodes
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lithium ion battery
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