Actinide signatures in low electron fraction kilonova ejecta

Pognan, Quentin; Wu, Meng-Ru; Martínez-Pinedo, Gabriel; da Silva, Ricardo Ferreira; Jerkstrand, Anders; Grumer, Jon; Flörs, Andreas

doi:10.1093/mnras/stae2778

Actinide signatures in low electron fraction kilonova ejecta

Journal Article · Wed Dec 18 23:00:00 EST 2024 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2778· OSTI ID:2484248

; ; Martínez-Pinedo, Gabriel; ; Jerkstrand, Anders; ;

ABSTRACT

Neutron star (NS) mergers are known to produce heavy elements through rapid neutron capture (r-process) nucleosynthesis. Actinides are expected to be created solely by the r-process in the most neutron-rich environments. Confirming if NS mergers provide the requisite conditions for actinide creation is therefore central to determining their origin in the Universe. Actinide signatures in kilonova (KN) spectra may yield an answer, provided adequate models are available in order to interpret observational data. In this study, we investigate actinide signatures in neutron-rich merger ejecta. We use three ejecta models with different compositions and radioactive power, generated by nucleosynthesis calculations using the same initial electron fraction ($$Y_e = 0.15$$) but with different nuclear physics inputs and thermodynamic expansion history. These are evolved from 10 to 100 d after merger using the sumo non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) radiative transfer code. We highlight how uncertainties in nuclear properties, as well as choices in thermodynamic trajectory, may yield entirely different outputs for equal values of $$Y_e$$. We consider an actinide-free model and two actinide-rich models, and find that the emergent spectra and light-curve evolution are significantly different depending on the amount of actinides present, and the overall decay properties of the models. We also present potential key actinide spectral signatures, of which doubly ionized $$_{89}$$Ac and $$_{90}$$Th may be particularly interesting as spectral indicators of actinide presence in KN ejecta.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE), Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Supply Chain

OSTI ID:: 2484248

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 536; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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