Influence of initial density on detonation propagation in a TATB-based high explosive

Anderson, Eric Karl; Short, Mark; Voelkel, Stephen Joseph; Montoya, Gabriel Anthony; Chicas, Ritchie Israel; Chiquete, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113920

Influence of initial density on detonation propagation in a TATB-based high explosive

Journal Article · Sat Dec 28 00:00:00 EST 2024 · Combustion and Flame

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113920· OSTI ID:2484243

^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Chicas, Ritchie Israel ^[1]; ^[1]

Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

PBX 9502 is a polymer-bonded 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB)-based insensitive high explosive (HE) which has been extensively studied due to its unique combination of safety and performance properties. Several prior studies have been conducted on detonation propagation in PBX 9502 with an initial density range of 1.890 ± 0.005 g/cm³. Here, we examine systematically the effect of lower initial density, i.e., higher porosity. We present results from nine ambient cylindrical rate-stick tests at densities ρ₀ ≈ 1.858, 1.870, and 1.881 g/cm³ across diameters of d = 25.4, 12.7, and 8.0 mm. When combined with previously published data for g/cm3 across the same set of diameters, we are able to provide insights into the multitude of effects that low ρ₀ has on detonation propagation. A density-aware detonation shock dynamics (DSD) model is calibrated based on speeds and front shapes from all 12 tests. We then show that the DSD model accurately predicts experimental thickness effect data for two-dimensional PBX 9502 planar slab geometries with ρ₀ = 1.874 g/cm³. Examining the DSD surface shape, curvature, and normal surface speed distributions in both rate-stick and two-dimensional arc configurations yields insights into how changes in initial density influence detonation propagation in geometries in which different detonation curvature regimes are accessed.

View Journal Article

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Programs (DP)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 2484243

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2507018

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--24-27843

Journal Information:: Combustion and Flame, Journal Name: Combustion and Flame Vol. 273; ISSN 0010-2180

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (21)

Diameter Effect and Failure Diameter of a TATB-Based Explosive Campbell, A. W. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 9, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.19840090602	journal	December 1984
The Poly-Rho Test as a Screening Tool for Explosive Performance Harry, Herbert H.; Uher, Kenneth J.; Hagelberg, Stephanie I. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 30, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.200500036	journal	December 2005
Steady Non-ideal Detonations in Cylindrical Sticks of Explosives Sharpe, G. J.; Braithwaite, M. Journal of Engineering Mathematics, Vol. 53, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10665-005-5570-7	journal	September 2005
Detonation diffraction in a circular arc geometry of the insensitive high explosive PBX 9502 Short, Mark; Chiquete, Carlos; Bdzil, John B. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 196 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2018.06.002	journal	October 2018
Detonation shock dynamics modeling and calibration of the HMX-based conventional high explosive PBX 9501 with application to the two-dimensional circular arc geometry Chiquete, Carlos; Short, Mark; Voelkel, Stephen J. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 222 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.08.030	journal	December 2020
The comparative effect of HMX content on the detonation performance characterization of PBX 9012 and PBX 9501 high explosives Anderson, Eric K.; Chiquete, Carlos; Jackson, Scott I. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 230 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111415	journal	August 2021
Effect of lot microstructure variations on detonation performance of the triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB)-Based insensitive high explosive PBX 9502 Voelkel, Stephen J.; Anderson, Eric K.; Short, Mark Combustion and Flame, Vol. 246 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112373	journal	December 2022
Effect of elevated initial temperature on the detonation performance of high explosives Short, Mark; Anderson, Eric K.; Voelkel, Stephen J. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 261 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2023.113281	journal	March 2024
Experimental and modeling analysis of detonation in circular arcs of the conventional high explosive PBX 9501 Short, Mark; Anderson, Eric K.; Chiquete, Carlos Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 38, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.07.107	journal	January 2021
Experimental investigation of high explosive detonation structure and dynamics near the failure diameter Anderson, Eric K.; Short, Mark; Voelkel, Stephen J. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 40, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2024.105320	journal	January 2024
Steady-state two-dimensional detonation Bdzil, J. B. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 108 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112081002085	journal	July 1981
Scaling of detonation velocity in cylinder and slab geometries for ideal, insensitive and non-ideal explosives Jackson, Scott I.; Short, Mark Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 773 https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.240	journal	May 2015
Steady detonation propagation in a circular arc: a Detonation Shock Dynamics model Short, Mark; Quirk, James J.; Meyer, Chad D. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 807 https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.597	journal	October 2016
Detonation propagation in a circular arc: reactive burn modelling Short, Mark; Quirk, James J.; Chiquete, Carlos Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 835 https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.751	journal	November 2017
Measurements of shock initiation in the tri-amino-tri-nitro-benzene based explosive PBX 9502: Wave forms from embedded gauges and comparison of four different material lots Gustavsen, R. L.; Sheffield, S. A.; Alcon, R. R. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 99, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2195191	journal	June 2006
Detonation propagation in annular arcs of condensed phase explosives Ioannou, Eleftherios; Schoch, Stefan; Nikiforakis, Nikolaos Physics of Fluids, Vol. 29, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4996995	journal	November 2017
Understanding the shock and detonation response of high explosives at the continuum and meso scales Handley, C. A.; Lambourn, B. D.; Whitworth, N. J. Applied Physics Reviews, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5005997	journal	March 2018
Modeling Detonation Experiments on Triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB)-Based Explosives LX-17, PBX 9502, and Ultrafine TATB Tarver, Craig M. Journal of Energetic Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1080/07370652.2011.563770	journal	July 2012
A Simplex Method for Function Minimization Nelder, J. A.; Mead, R. The Computer Journal, Vol. 7, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/7.4.308	journal	January 1965
High Explosive Detonation–Confiner Interactions Short, Mark; Quirk, James J. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 50, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-122316-045011	journal	January 2018
The Dynamics of Detonation in Explosive Systems Bdzil, John B.; Stewart, D. Scott Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 39, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.38.050304.092049	journal	January 2007

Similar Records

A density- and composition-aware model for detonation propagation in the TATB-based explosive PBX 9502

Journal Article · Sun May 18 20:00:00 EDT 2025 · Combustion and Flame · OSTI ID:2567087

Related Subjects

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE
Detonation
Detonation driving zone
Detonation shock dynamics
Initial density

Influence of initial density on detonation propagation in a TATB-based high explosive

Citation Formats

References (21)

Similar Records

Related Subjects