Photonuclear cross sections for 197Au: An update on the gold standard

Song, J.; Rotsch, Dave; Nolen, J. A.; Gampa, R.; de Kruijff, R. M.; Brossard, Thomas; Howell, C. R.; Krishichayan, F.; Wu, Y. K.; Mikhailov, S.; Ahmed, M. W.; Janssens, R. V. F.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.110.064604

Photonuclear cross sections for ¹⁹⁷Au: An update on the gold standard

Journal Article · Wed Dec 04 23:00:00 EST 2024 · Physical Review. C

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.110.064604· OSTI ID:2480500

^[1]; Rotsch, Dave ^[2]; Nolen, J. A. ^[3]; ^[3]; de Kruijff, R. M. ^[3]; Brossard, Thomas ^[3]; ^[4]; ^[4]; ^[4]; Mikhailov, S. ^[5]; ^[6]; ^[7]

Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Duke University, Durham, NC (United States); Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL), Durham, NC (United States)
Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL), Durham, NC (United States)
Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL), Durham, NC (United States); North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC (United States)
Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL), Durham, NC (United States); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC (United States)

Cross sections for the ¹⁹⁷Au(γ,n) reaction are broadly used in nuclear physics as a standard for normalizing photonuclear reaction cross-section data at photon beam energies above approximately 8 MeV. In this paper, we report cross-section measurements for the ¹⁹⁷Au ⁢(γ,n)¹⁹⁶⁢Au^g+m1 reaction at beam energies from 13 to 31 MeV. Our measurements provide the first cross-section data for this reaction at beam energies above 20 MeV, enabling the use of this reaction as a cross-section standard up to 30 MeV. Also, this work provides first cross-section measurements for the ¹⁹⁷Au(γ,n)^⁢196Au^m2 reaction. In addition, we measured cross-section data for the ¹⁹⁷Au⁢(γ,3⁢n)⁢¹⁹⁴Au reaction, which can be used as a cross-section standard above about 25 MeV. These measurements were performed using a new target activation method that is based on the angle-energy correlation of the laser Compton-scattered photon beams at the High Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HI⁢γ⁢S). The technique enables measuring photonuclear reaction cross-sections at several discrete beam energies concurrently via a single irradiation on a stack of different targets. Measurements were carried out by irradiating a stack of concentric-ring targets consisting of Au, TiO₂, Zn, Os, and Au (in order of the γ-ray beam direction). Our data for the ¹⁹⁷Au ⁢(γ,n)⁢¹⁹⁶Au^g+m⁢1 reaction in the energy range of 13 to 20 MeV are in good agreement with existing ones measured using monoenergetic γ-ray beams, but differ from data acquired using a bremsstrahlung γ-ray beam. Also, above 18 MeV, our data for the ¹⁹⁷Au(γ,n)⁢¹⁹⁶Au^g+m⁢1 and ¹⁹⁷Au ⁢(γ,n)⁢¹⁹⁶Au^m2 reactions differ significantly from the most recent TENDL and JENDL evaluations, suggesting a need to update these data libraries. Furthermore, the TENDL evaluation and existing data are consistent with our data for the ¹⁹⁷A⁢(γ,3⁢n) reaction, but differ significantly from the JENDL evaluation above 26 MeV.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Office of Isotope R&D and Production (IRP)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-97ER41041; FG02-97ER41033; SC0018112; SC0018325; AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 2480500

Journal Information:: Physical Review. C, Journal Name: Physical Review. C Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 110; ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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