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Mid-Range Science Objectives for the Event Horizon Telescope

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OSTI ID:2477423
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  1. MIT, LNS; Natl. Astron. Observ. of Japan; Harvard U. (main); Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.
  2. Valencia U., Astro. Astrophys.
  3. Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.
  4. Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  5. Malaya U.
  6. Harvard U. (main); Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; Texas U., San Antonio
  7. Academia Sinica, Taiwan
  8. Valencia U., Astro. Astrophys.; Valencia U., IFIC; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  9. Chalmers U. Tech.; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  10. Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.
  11. Yale Ctr. Astron. Astrophys.
  12. Concepcion U.
  13. MIT, LNS
  14. Illinois U., Urbana
  15. Fermilab; Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.
  16. Subaru Telescope
  17. Harvard U. (main); Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.
  18. Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.
  19. Caltech
  20. East Asian Observ.; Hawaii U.
  21. IRAM, St. Martin d'Heres
  22. Perimeter Inst. Theor. Phys.; Waterloo U.; Waterloo U., IQC
  23. Nijmegen U., IMAPP
  24. Massachusetts U., Amherst
  25. Chicago U., KICP; Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.; Chicago U.; Chicago U., EFI
  26. Princeton U.
  27. Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.; Clemson U.; LSST, Tucson; Arizona U.
  28. Cornell U., Radio. Space Res. Ctr.
  29. East Asian Observ.
  30. Shanghai, Astron. Observ.; Beijing Observ.
  31. KASI, DaeJeon
  32. Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.; KASI, DaeJeon; Yonsei U.
  33. Fairfield U.
  34. Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.; Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.
  35. Chalmers U. Tech.
  36. Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.; Chicago U., KICP
  37. UNAM, Inst. Astron.; Frankfurt U.
  38. Unlisted, CN; Shanghai Jiao Tong U.
  39. Texas U., San Antonio; Harvard U. (main); Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.
  40. Princeton U., Astrophys. Sci. Dept.; Baltimore, Space Telescope Sci.
  41. INFN, Naples; Naples U.
  42. U. Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Sch. Phys.; Pretoria U.; Rhodes U.
  43. Subaru Telescope; ASTRON, Dwingeloo
  44. Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.; LESIA, Meudon
  45. Colorado U.
  46. Shanghai Jiao Tong U.
  47. IRAM, St. Martin d'Heres; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  48. NAOC, Beijing; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  49. Las Cumbres Observ.; UC, Santa Barbara
  50. NRAO, Charlottesville
  51. MIT; Unlisted, US, MA
  52. Wurzburg U.; Frankfurt U.; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  53. Harvard U. (main); Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; Harvard U.
  54. Illinois U., Urbana; Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.
  55. Sao Paulo U.; Sao Paulo, Inst. Astron. Geofis.; Cagliari U.; Cagliari Observ.; INFN, Cagliari
  56. Southern Denmark U., CP3-Origins
  57. INAOE, Puebla; Conacyt, Mexico
  58. Shanghai, Astron. Observ.
  59. Nagoya U.; KASI, DaeJeon
  60. McGill U.; McGill U., Montreal (main)
  61. Kapteyn Astron. Inst., Groningen
  62. Peking U.; Peking U., Beijing, KIAA
  63. Academia Sinica, Taiwan; Subaru Telescope
  64. KASI, DaeJeon; Tokyo, Grad. U. Adv. Stud.; Natl. Astron. Observ. of Japan; Tokyo U.
  65. INAOE, Puebla
  66. Natl. Astron. Observ. of Japan; Tokyo, Inst. Statistical Math.; Tokyo U., IPMU
  67. Leiden Observ.; NRAO, Charlottesville
  68. Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; Baltimore, Space Telescope Sci.
  69. Unlisted, US, MA
  70. Nijmegen U., IMAPP; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  71. Boston U.
  72. Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.
  73. KASI, DaeJeon; KAIST, Taejon
  74. Tokyo U., ICRR
  75. ASTRON, Dwingeloo
  76. UNIST, Ulsan; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  77. KAIST, Taejon
  78. Natl. Astron. Observ. of Japan; Kogakuin U.
  79. Frankfurt U.
  80. KASI, DaeJeon; Tokyo U.
  81. Niigata U.; Academia Sinica, Taiwan
  82. Taiwan, Natl. Normal U.; Academia Sinica, Taiwan
  83. Nanjing U., Dept. Astron.; Nanjing U.
  84. Bologna, Ist. Radioastronomia; Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.
  85. RadiaBeam Tech.
  86. Valparaiso U., Catolica
  87. Bologna Observ.
  88. Academia Sinica, Taiwan; Taiwan, Natl. Taiwan U.
  89. UNAM, Morelia, Inst. Radioastron. Astrophys.; Harvard U. (main); Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; Harvard U., Phys. Dept.
  90. Shanghai, Astron. Observ.; Beijing Observ.; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  91. Yunnan Observ.; NAOC, Beijing
  92. Bologna Observ.; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  93. U. Amsterdam, GRAPPA
  94. Valencia U., Astro. Astrophys.; Valencia U., IFIC
  95. Shanghai Jiao Tong U.; Shanghai Jiaotong U.; Frankfurt U.
  96. McGill U., Montreal (main); McGill U.; Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.
  97. Frankfurt U.; KASI, DaeJeon
  98. Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.; Nijmegen U., IMAPP
  99. U. Amsterdam, GRAPPA; Nijmegen U., IMAPP
  100. IRAM, Granada
  101. Natl. Astron. Observ. of Japan; Tokyo, Grad. U. Adv. Stud.
  102. Hachinohe Inst. Tech.; Academia Sinica, Taiwan
  103. Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; Harvard U. (main)
  104. RCAAM, Academy of Athens; Frankfurt U.
  105. Villanova U.
  106. Waterloo U.; Waterloo U., IQC; Perimeter Inst. Theor. Phys.
  107. Washington U., St. Louis
  108. U. Aveiro (main)
  109. Georgia Tech
  110. Kyung Hee U.; Academia Sinica, Taiwan
  111. Academia Sinica, Taiwan; Perimeter Inst. Theor. Phys.; Canadian Inst. Theor. Astrophys.; U. Toronto, Dunlap Inst. Astron. Astrophys.; Canadian Inst. Advanced Res.
  112. U. Amsterdam, GRAPPA; Frankfurt U.
  113. Trieste U.; INFN, Trieste; Bologna, Ist. Radioastronomia
  114. Concepcion U.; Turku U.; Aalto U.
  115. Gemini Observ., Hilo; Subaru Telescope
  116. Frankfurt U.; Frankfurt U., FIAS; Trinity Coll., Dublin
  117. Canadian Inst. Theor. Astrophys.; Toronto U.; U. Toronto, Dunlap Inst. Astron. Astrophys.; Perimeter Inst. Theor. Phys.
  118. Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; Harvard U. (main); Nijmegen U., IMAPP
  119. Tokyo Inst. Tech.; KASI, DaeJeon; Hiroshima U.
  120. Aalto U.; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  121. Peking U., Beijing, KIAA; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  122. KASI, DaeJeon; KAIST, Taejon; Yonsei U.
  123. Central Lancashire U.
  124. Peking U.
  125. Fujitsu, Atsugi
  126. Lethbridge U.
  127. Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.; Nijmegen U., IMAPP; Leiden Observ.; NWO, The Hague
  128. Tohoku U., IIAIR; Tohoku U., Astron. Inst.
  129. IRAM, Granada; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  130. Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
  131. Seoul Natl. U., Dept. Phys. Astron.
  132. Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.
  133. ASTRON, Dwingeloo; Leiden Observ.; New Mexico U.
  134. Brandeis U.
  135. Tuorla Observ.
  136. Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study; Princeton U.
  137. Hua-Zhong U. Sci. Tech.
  138. Mullard Space Sci. Lab.; Frankfurt U.
  139. Fudan U.
  140. Hefei, CUST
  141. Michigan State U.
+ Show Author Affiliations
The first images of the black holes in Sagittarius A* and M87* have created a wide range of new scientific opportunities in gravitational physics, compact objects, and relativistic astrophysics. We discuss here the scientific opportunities that arise from the rich data sets that have already been obtained and the new data sets that will be obtained, exploiting a wide range of technical advances, including observational agility, receiver upgrades, and the addition of new stations. This document provides a 5-year framework for Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) science structured around four fundamental questions that are used to prioritize the analysis of existing data, guide technical upgrades, and determine the optimal use of future observational opportunities with EHT, ALMA, and multi-wavelength facilities. Through enhancements over this period, the EHT will create the first movie of M87* connecting black hole and jet physics, provide detailed studies of the structure and dynamics of Sgr A*, characterize the magnetospheres of both systems through polarimetric imaging, and explore the spacetime properties of black holes with greater precision and range.
Research Organization:
Taiwan, Natl. Taiwan U.; Texas U., San Antonio; Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; Nijmegen U., IMAPP; NAOC, Beijing; Tuorla Observ.; IRAM, Granada; Seoul Natl. U., Dept. Phys. Astron.; McGill U., Montreal (main); UNIST, Ulsan; Trieste U.; Georgia Tech; U. Aveiro (main); Cornell U., Radio. Space Res. Ctr.; MIT, LNS; RadiaBeam Tech.; Hachinohe Inst. Tech.; RCAAM, Academy of Athens; Princeton U.; New Mexico U.; ASTRON, Dwingeloo; IRAM, St. Martin d'Heres; Sao Paulo, Inst. Astron. Geofis.; Arizona U.; Southern Denmark U., CP3-Origins; East Asian Observ.; Tokyo U., IPMU; Nanjing U., Dept. Astron.; Bologna Observ.; Cagliari U.; INAOE, Puebla; Naples U.; Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.; Conacyt, Mexico; LSST, Tucson; Michigan State U.; Kogakuin U.; Wurzburg U.; UNAM, Inst. Astron.; MIT; Tokyo, Inst. Statistical Math.; Princeton U., Astrophys. Sci. Dept.; Harvard U. (main); Chicago U., KICP; KASI, DaeJeon; Fudan U.; INFN, Cagliari; Massachusetts U., Amherst; Trinity Coll., Dublin; Frankfurt U., FIAS; Valencia U., Astro. Astrophys.; Peking U.; Fairfield U.; Shanghai Jiaotong U.; Harvard U., Phys. Dept.; Villanova U.; Chalmers U. Tech.; Shanghai Jiao Tong U.; NWO, The Hague; Aalto U.; Academia Sinica, Taiwan; Unlisted, CN; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Brandeis U.; Valparaiso U., Catolica; U. Toronto, Dunlap Inst. Astron. Astrophys.; NRAO, Charlottesville; Tohoku U., Astron. Inst.; Tokyo U.; Tokyo U., ICRR; UNAM, Morelia, Inst. Radioastron. Astrophys.; Malaya U.; Toronto U.; Valencia U., IFIC; Canadian Inst. Theor. Astrophys.; Kapteyn Astron. Inst., Groningen; Caltech; Nagoya U.; Canadian Inst. Advanced Res.; Sao Paulo U.; Nanjing U.; Unlisted, US, MA; Mullard Space Sci. Lab.; Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.; Taiwan, Natl. Normal U.; INFN, Trieste; Yonsei U.; Concepcion U.; Niigata U.; Perimeter Inst. Theor. Phys.; LESIA, Meudon; Peking U., Beijing, KIAA; Gemini Observ., Hilo; Hawaii U.; UC, Santa Barbara; Central Lancashire U.; Natl. Astron. Observ. of Japan; Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.; Fujitsu, Atsugi; Hefei, CUST; McGill U.; INFN, Naples; Beijing Observ.; Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.; Washington U., St. Louis; Cagliari Observ.; U. Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Sch. Phys.; Waterloo U., IQC; Turku U.; Chicago U., EFI; KAIST, Taejon; Shanghai, Astron. Observ.; Chicago U.; Yale Ctr. Astron. Astrophys.; Harvard U.; Boston U.; Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.; Clemson U.; Rhodes U.; Pretoria U.; Colorado U.; Baltimore, Space Telescope Sci.; Hiroshima U.; Leiden Observ.; Illinois U., Urbana; Waterloo U.; Lethbridge U.; Bologna, Ist. Radioastronomia; Yunnan Observ.; Kyung Hee U.; Tohoku U., IIAIR; Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study; Tokyo Inst. Tech.; Tokyo, Grad. U. Adv. Stud.; Frankfurt U.; Subaru Telescope; Hua-Zhong U. Sci. Tech.; Las Cumbres Observ.; U. Amsterdam, GRAPPA
Sponsoring Organization:
US Department of Energy
DOE Contract Number:
AC02-07CH11359; 89243024CSC000002
OSTI ID:
2477423
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB-24-0733-PPD; oai:inspirehep.net:2837481; arXiv:2410.02986
Journal Information:
No journal information, Journal Name: No journal information
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS