Identifying the gene responsible for non‐photochemical quenching reversal in Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Ware, Maxwell A.; Paton, Andrew J.; Bai, Yu; Kassaw, Tessema; Lohr, Martin; Peers, Graham

doi:10.1111/tpj.17104

Identifying the gene responsible for non‐photochemical quenching reversal in Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Journal Article · Wed Oct 30 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · The Plant Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.17104· OSTI ID:2476262

Ware, Maxwell A. ^[1]; Paton, Andrew J. ^[2]; Bai, Yu ^[2]; Kassaw, Tessema ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[2]

Department of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado 80523 USA, Fachbereich Physik Freie Universität Berlin Berlin 14195 Germany
Department of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado 80523 USA
Institut für Molekulare Physiologie Johannes Gutenberg‐University Mainz 55099 Germany

SUMMARY

Algae such as diatoms and haptophytes have distinct photosynthetic pigments from plants, including a novel set of carotenoids. This includes a primary xanthophyll cycle comprised of diadinoxanthin and its de‐epoxidation product diatoxanthin that enables the switch between light harvesting and non‐photochemical quenching (NPQ)‐mediated dissipation of light energy. The enzyme responsible for the reversal of this cycle was previously unknown. Here, we identified zeaxanthin epoxidase 3 (ZEP3) from Phaeodactylum tricornutum as the candidate diatoxanthin epoxidase. Knocking out the ZEP3 gene caused a loss of rapidly reversible NPQ following saturating light exposure. This correlated with the maintenance of high concentrations of diatoxanthin during recovery in low light. Xanthophyll cycling and NPQ relaxation were restored via complementation of the wild‐type ZEP3 gene. The zep3 knockout strains showed reduced photosynthetic rates at higher light fluxes and reduced specific growth rate in variable light regimes, likely due to the mutant strains becoming locked in a light energy dissipation state. We were able to toggle the level of NPQ capacity in a time and dose dependent manner by placing the ZEP3 gene under the control of a β‐estradiol inducible promoter. Identification of this gene provides a deeper understanding of the diversification of photosynthetic control in algae compared to plants and suggests a potential target to improve the productivity of industrial‐scale cultures.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018344

OSTI ID:: 2476262

Journal Information:: The Plant Journal, Journal Name: The Plant Journal Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 120; ISSN 0960-7412

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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