Agricultural Management Affects the Active Rhizosphere Bacterial Community Composition and Nitrification

Bay, Guillaume; Lee, Conard; Chen, Chiliang; Mahal, Navreet K.; Castellano, Michael J.; Hofmockel, Kirsten S.; Halverson, Larry J.

doi:10.1128/msystems.00651-21

Agricultural Management Affects the Active Rhizosphere Bacterial Community Composition and Nitrification

Journal Article · Tue Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · mSystems

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00651-21· OSTI ID:2471623

Bay, Guillaume ^[1]; Lee, Conard ^[1]; Chen, Chiliang ^[2]; Mahal, Navreet K. ^[3]; ^[1]; ^[4]; ^[5]

Iowa State University, Ames, IA (United States)
Iowa State University, Ames, IA (United States); Heliae Development, LLC, Gilbert, AZ (United States)
Iowa State University, Ames, IA (United States); South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD (United States)
Iowa State University, Ames, IA (United States); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Iowa State University, Ames, IA (United States); Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA (United States)

Cropping system diversity provides yield benefits that may result from shifts in the composition of root-associated bacterial and fungal communities, which either enhance nutrient availability or limit nutrient loss. We investigated whether temporal diversity of annual cropping systems (four versus two crops in rotation) influences the composition and metabolic activities of root-associated microbial communities in maize at a developmental stage when the peak rate of nitrogen uptake occurs. We monitored total (DNA-based) and potentially active (RNA-based) bacterial communities and total (DNA-based) fungal communities in the soil, rhizosphere, and endosphere. Cropping system diversity strongly influenced the composition of the soil microbial communities, which influenced the recruitment of the resident microbial communities and, in particular, the potentially active rhizosphere and endosphere bacterial communities. The diversified cropping system rhizosphere recruited a more diverse bacterial community (species richness), even though there was little difference in soil species richness between the two cropping systems. In contrast, fungal species richness was greater in the conventional rhizosphere, which was enriched in fungal pathogens; the diversified rhizosphere, however, was enriched in Glomeromycetes. While cropping system influenced endosphere community composition, greater correspondence between DNA- and RNA-based profiles suggests a higher representation of active bacterial populations. Cropping system diversity influenced the composition of ammonia oxidizers, which coincided with diminished potential nitrification activity and gross nitrate production rates, particularly in the rhizosphere. The results of our study suggest that diversified cropping systems shift the composition of the rhizosphere’s active bacterial and total fungal communities, resulting in tighter coupling between plants and microbial processes that influence nitrogen acquisition and retention.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 2471623

Journal Information:: mSystems, Journal Name: mSystems Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 6; ISSN 2379-5077

Publisher:: American Society for MicrobiologyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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