Optomechanical ring resonator for efficient microwave-optical frequency conversion

Chen, I-Tung; Li, Bingzhao; Lee, Seokhyeong; Chakravarthi, Srivatsa; Fu, Kai-Mei; Li, Mo

doi:10.1038/s41467-023-43393-x

Optomechanical ring resonator for efficient microwave-optical frequency conversion

Journal Article · Mon Nov 20 23:00:00 EST 2023 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43393-x· OSTI ID:2471592

Chen, I-Tung ^[1]; Li, Bingzhao ^[1]; Lee, Seokhyeong ^[1]; Chakravarthi, Srivatsa ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[1]

University of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
University of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Phonons traveling in solid-state devices are emerging as a universal excitation for coupling different physical systems. Phonons at microwave frequencies have a similar wavelength to optical photons in solids, enabling optomechanical microwave-optical transduction of classical and quantum signals. It becomes conceivable to build optomechanical integrated circuits (OMIC) that guide both photons and phonons and interconnect photonic and phononic devices. Here, we demonstrate an OMIC including an optomechanical ring resonator (OMR), where co-resonant infrared photons and GHz phonons induce significantly enhanced interconversion. The platform is hybrid, using wide bandgap semiconductor gallium phosphide (GaP) for waveguiding and piezoelectric zinc oxide (ZnO) for phonon generation. The OMR features photonic and phononic quality factors of >1 × 10⁵ and 3.2 × 10³, respectively. The optomechanical interconversion between photonic modes achieved an internal conversion efficiency $$η_i$$ = (2.1 ± 0.1)% and a total device efficiency $$η_{tot}$$ = 0.57 x 10^-6 at a low acoustic pump power of 1.6 mW. The efficient conversion in OMICs enables microwave-optical transduction for quantum information and microwave photonics applications.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 2471592

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 14; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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