Quantum control and Berry phase of electron spins in rotating levitated diamonds in high vacuum

Jin, Yuanbin; Shen, Kunhong; Ju, Peng; Gao, Xingyu; Zu, Chong; Grine, Alejandro J.; Li, Tongcang

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-49175-3

Quantum control and Berry phase of electron spins in rotating levitated diamonds in high vacuum

Journal Article · Thu Jun 13 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49175-3· OSTI ID:2469887

^[1]; Shen, Kunhong ^[1]; Ju, Peng ^[1]; Gao, Xingyu ^[1]; ^[2]; Grine, Alejandro J. ^[3]; ^[1]

Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO (United States)
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Levitated diamond particles in high vacuum with internal spin qubits have been proposed for exploring macroscopic quantum mechanics, quantum gravity, and precision measurements. The coupling between spins and particle rotation can be utilized to study quantum geometric phase, create gyroscopes and rotational matter-wave interferometers. However, previous efforts in levitated diamonds struggled with vacuum level or spin state readouts. To address these gaps, we fabricate an integrated surface ion trap with multiple stabilization electrodes. This facilitates on-chip levitation and, for the first time, optically detected magnetic resonance measurements of a nanodiamond levitated in high vacuum. The internal temperature of our levitated nanodiamond remains moderate at pressures below 10^-5 Torr. We have driven a nanodiamond to rotate up to 20 MHz (1.2 × 10⁹ rpm), surpassing typical nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center electron spin dephasing rates. Using these NV spins, we observe the effect of the Berry phase arising from particle rotation. In addition, we demonstrate quantum control of spins in a rotating nanodiamond. These results mark an important development in interfacing mechanical rotation with spin qubits, expanding our capacity to study quantum phenomena.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF); National Science Foundation (NSF); US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research (ONR); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2469887

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 15; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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