Nonlinear model predictive control for mode‐switching operation of reversible solid oxide cell systems

Li, Mingrui; Allan, Douglas A.; Dinh, San; Bhattacharyya, Debangsu; Dabadghao, Vibhav; Giridhar, Nishant; Zitney, Stephen E.; Biegler, Lorenz T.

doi:10.1002/aic.18550

Nonlinear model predictive control for mode‐switching operation of reversible solid oxide cell systems

Journal Article · Wed Aug 21 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · AIChE Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.18550· OSTI ID:2466263

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Department of Chemical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
National Energy Technology Laboratory Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA, NETL Support Contractor Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
Department of Chemical &, Biomedical Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown West Virginia USA
National Energy Technology Laboratory Morgantown West Virginia USA

Abstract

Solid oxide cells (SOCs) are a promising dual‐mode technology for the production of hydrogen through high‐temperature water electrolysis, and the generation of power through a fuel cell reaction that consumes hydrogen. Switching between these two modes as the price of electricity fluctuates requires reversible SOC operation and accurate tracking of hydrogen and power production set points. Moreover, a well‐functioning control system is important to avoid cell degradation during mode‐switching operation. In this article, we apply nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) to an SOC module and supporting equipment and compare NMPC performance to classical proportional‐integral (PI) control strategies, while switching between the modes of hydrogen and power production. While both control methods provide similar performance across various metrics during mode switching, NMPC demonstrates a significant advantage in reducing cell thermal gradients and curvatures (mixed spatial‐temporal partial derivatives), thereby helping to mitigate long‐term degradation.

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Research Organization:: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), Pittsburgh, PA, Morgantown, WV, and Albany, OR (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM)

OSTI ID:: 2466263

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2447934

Journal Information:: AIChE Journal, Journal Name: AIChE Journal Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 70; ISSN 0001-1541

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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