A comparative study of solute trapping in Fe-(33–45 at%) Cu alloys manufactured by laser directed energy deposition

Yin, Daniel; Misra, Amit

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.171608

A comparative study of solute trapping in Fe-(33–45 at%) Cu alloys manufactured by laser directed energy deposition

Journal Article · Tue Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Journal of Alloys and Compounds

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.171608· OSTI ID:2447953

^[1]; Misra, Amit ^[2]

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); University of Michigan
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

The high cooling rates in laser directed energy deposition (DED-LB) of alloys lead to substantial amounts of solute trapping as solute atoms cannot diffuse away from the solid/liquid interface before it advances. In some concentrated alloys, this results in supersaturated solid phases that form nanoscale hierarchical microstructures when the solute atoms precipitate out during reheating from subsequent laser passes. We choose the Iron-Copper (Fe-Cu) binary alloy as model system as it is chemically homogeneous in the liquid phase and has negligible solid solubility at room temperature. Two alloys with nominal compositions in atomic (at.) %, Fe67Cu33 and Fe55Cu45, were manufactured using DED-LB. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS) were used to characterize the nanostructures and heterogeneous chemical compositions. A non-equilibrium solute partitioning model was used to compute the supersaturated chemistries of the constituent phases and validated with experimentally measured compositions. The measured phase compositions of the two alloys were very similar, at roughly 12 at.% Cu and 4 at.% Fe in the α(bcc)-Fe and ε(fcc)-Cu phases respectively, despite having different processing parameters and mechanical behavior. This indicates that the total thermal history, that depends on both the processing parameters and laser scan pattern, plays a stronger role on the final microstructure evolution than just the initial quantity of trapped solute. In addition, we find that current non-equilibrium solute partitioning models applied on the continuum scale fall short of predicting accurate quantitative phase compositions in concentrated alloys, although the qualitative trends are captured correctly.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Texas A & M University, College Station, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003857

OSTI ID:: 2447953

Journal Information:: Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Journal Name: Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol. 966; ISSN 0925-8388

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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