Optically multiplexed neutron time-of-flight technique for inertial confinement fusion

Tafoya, Landon Reese; Wilde, Carl Huerstel; Cata, Brian M.; Freeman, Matthew Stouten; Geppert-Kleinrath, Verena; Ivancic, S. T.; Katz, J.; McBride, R. D.; Sorce, A.; Stanley, B.; Danly, C.

doi:10.1063/5.0219572

Optically multiplexed neutron time-of-flight technique for inertial confinement fusion

Journal Article · Fri Sep 06 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Review of Scientific Instruments

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219572· OSTI ID:2447571

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University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
University of Rochester, NY (United States)
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Neutron time-of-flight (nTOF) detectors are crucial in diagnosing the performance of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments, which implode targets of deuterium–tritium fuel to achieve thermonuclear conditions. These detectors utilize the fusion neutron energy spectrum to extract key measurements, including the hotspot ion temperature and fuel areal density. Previous work [Danly et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 94, 043502 (2023)] has demonstrated adding 1D spatial resolution to an nTOF-like detector using a neutron aperture and streak camera to measure the ion temperature profile of an ICF implosion. By contrast, the study presented herein explores modifying the 1D detector to use a fast photomultiplier tube (PMT) to validate the design of a 2D spatially resolved instrument based on reconstruction from 1D profiles. The modification would collect time-of-flight traces from separate scintillators in an imaging array with one PMT using optical fibers of varying lengths to time-multiplex the signals. This technique has been demonstrated in ride-along experiments on the OMEGA laser with 20 fiber-coupled scintillator channels connected to a Photek PMT210. Results provide constraints on the fiber lengths and PMT gating requirements to promote pulse fidelity throughout all channels. Calibration of the detector to fixed nTOFs can provide a preliminary estimate of the instrument response function (IRF), although measurement of the IRF is currently under way. These results suggest that nTOF signals can potentially be time-multiplexed with fibers so long as the design is strategic to mitigate signal-to-noise reduction, modal dispersion, and charge build-up in the PMT, which has implications beyond ion temperature imaging.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; NA0004148

OSTI ID:: 2447571

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--24-24841

Journal Information:: Review of Scientific Instruments, Journal Name: Review of Scientific Instruments Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 95; ISSN 0034-6748

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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