Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy with a femtotesla diamond magnetometer

Silani, Yaser; Smits, Janis; Fescenko, Ilja; Malone, Michael W.; McDowell, Andrew F.; Jarmola, Andrey; Kehayias, Pauli; Richards, Bryan A.; Mosavian, Nazanin; Ristoff, Nathaniel; Acosta, Victor M.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.adh3189

Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy with a femtotesla diamond magnetometer

Journal Article · Fri Jun 16 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Science Advances

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adh3189· OSTI ID:2441378

^[1]; ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; McDowell, Andrew F. ^[4]; ^[5]; ^[6]; Richards, Bryan A. ^[1]; Mosavian, Nazanin ^[1]; Ristoff, Nathaniel ^[1]; ^[1]

Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States); Univ. of Latvia, Riga (Latvia)
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
NuevoMR, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
ODMR Technologies Inc., El Cerrito, CA (United States); University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Radio frequency (RF) magnetometers based on nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond are predicted to offer femtotesla sensitivity, but previous experiments were limited to the picotesla level. We demonstrate a femtotesla RF magnetometer using a diamond membrane inserted between ferrite flux concentrators. The device provides ~300-fold amplitude enhancement for RF magnetic fields from 70 kHz to 3.6 MHz, and the sensitivity reaches ~70 fT√s at 0.35 MHz. The sensor detected the 3.6-MHz nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) of room-temperature sodium nitrite powder. The sensor’s recovery time after an RF pulse is ~35 μs, limited by the excitation coil’s ring-down time. The sodium-nitrite NQR frequency shifts with temperature as -1.00±0.02 kHz/K, the magnetization dephasing time is T₂*=887±51 μs, and multipulse sequences extend the signal lifetime to 332±23 ms, all consistent with coil-based studies. Our results expand the sensitivity frontier of diamond magnetometers to the femtotesla range, with potential applications in security, medical imaging, and materials science.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 2441378

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--23-21085

Journal Information:: Science Advances, Journal Name: Science Advances Journal Issue: 24 Vol. 9; ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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