Transient Control and Soft Start-Up for 1-MHz LLC Converter With Wide Input Voltage Range Using Simplified Optimal Trajectory Control

Nabih, Ahmed; Ahmed, Mohamed H.; Li, Qiang; Lee, Fred C.

doi:10.1109/jestpe.2020.2973660

Transient Control and Soft Start-Up for 1-MHz LLC Converter With Wide Input Voltage Range Using Simplified Optimal Trajectory Control

Journal Article · Thu Feb 13 00:00:00 EST 2020 · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/jestpe.2020.2973660· OSTI ID:2441318

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[2]

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States); Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)

The 48-V bus converters are widely used in telecommunications and network power architectures. A single-stage regulated LLC bus converter can achieve high efficiency and high power density. This article addresses the control challenges of a regulated LLC converter for 48-V bus converter applications. Simplified optimal trajectory control (SOTC) is used to control a 1-MHz LLC converter with an input voltage range of 40–60 V and a frequency range of 0.8–1.8 MHz. A digital implementation of two-step SOTC is proposed for the high-frequency LLC using a low-speed microcontroller (MCU). The proposed implementation can achieve the optimum transient performance and minimize settling time. SOTC can achieve the optimum transient response for an LLC operating at resonant frequency but has a limited impact at a wide gain range. As a result, a feedforward compensation is proposed, in conjunction with SOTC, to achieve optimum transient response at a wide input voltage range or wide gain range. Moreover, a soft start-up with adaptive switching frequency is proposed to achieve start-up under limited current stress over the whole input voltage range. Furthermore, the experimental results are demonstrated on a 1-MHz LLC 48-V bus converter using a 90-MHz TMS320F28069 Piccolo MCU.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0006521

OSTI ID:: 2441318

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1848431

Journal Information:: IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Journal Name: IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 9; ISSN 2168-6777

Publisher:: IEEECopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (14)

Charge current control for LLC resonant converter Choi, Hangseok 2015 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2015.7104538	conference	March 2015
Equivalent circuit modeling of LLC resonant converter Tian, Shuilin; Lee, Fred C.; Li, Qiang 2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2016.7468082	conference	March 2016
A novel LLC resonant controller with best-in-class transient performance and low standby power consumption McDonald, Brent; Li, Yalong 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341056	conference	March 2018
Optimized Design of Integrated PCB-Winding Transformer for MHz LLC Converter Cai, Yinsong; Ahmed, Mohamed H.; Li, Qiang 2019 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2019.8722181	conference	March 2019
High-efficiency, High-density Isolated/Regulated 48V Bus Converter with a Novel Planar Magnetic Structure Ahmed, Mohamed H.; Nabih, Ahmed; Lee, Fred C. 2019 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2019.8722216	conference	March 2019
Simplified Optimal Trajectory Control for 1 MHz LLC Converter with Wide Input Voltage Range Nabih, Ahmed; Ahmed, Mohamed; Li, Qiang 2019 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2019.8722275	conference	March 2019
Multi-step Simplified Optimal Trajectory Control (SOTC) for fast transient response of high frequency LLC converters Fei, Chao; Lee, Fred C.; Li, Qiang 2015 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2015.7309951	conference	September 2015
Low-Loss Integrated Inductor and Transformer Structure and Application in Regulated LLC Converter for 48-V Bus Converter Ahmed, Mohamed H.; Nabih, Ahmed; Lee, Fred C. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2019.2952878	journal	March 2020
Digitally Implemented Charge Control for LLC Resonant Converters Kang, Sang-Woo; Cho, Bo-Hyung IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 64, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2017.2682801	journal	August 2017
Simplified Optimal Trajectory Control (SOTC) for LLC Resonant Converters Feng, Weiyi; Lee, Fred C.; Mattavelli, Paolo IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 28, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2012.2212213	journal	May 2013
Optimal Trajectory Control of LLC Resonant Converters for Soft Start-Up No authors listed IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 29, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2013.2261094	journal	March 2014
Bang-Bang Charge Control for LLC Resonant Converters No authors listed IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 30, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2014.2313130	journal	February 2015
Digital Implementation of Soft Start-Up and Short-Circuit Protection for High-Frequency LLC Converters With Optimal Trajectory Control (OTC) Fei, Chao; Lee, Fred C.; Li, Qiang IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 32, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2016.2631467	journal	October 2017
Current Mode Control for LLC Series Resonant DC-to-DC Converters Jang, Jinhaeng; Pidaparthy, Syam; Choi, Byungcho Energies, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.3390/en8066098	journal	June 2015

Similar Records

Low-Loss Integrated Inductor and Transformer Structure and Application in Regulated LLC Converter for 48-V Bus Converter

Journal Article · Sun Nov 10 19:00:00 EST 2019 · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · OSTI ID:2441440

Optimal Design of Megahertz $LLC$ Converter for 48-V Bus Converter Application

Journal Article · Tue Sep 03 20:00:00 EDT 2019 · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · OSTI ID:1799217

Paralleling of LLC Resonant Converters

Journal Article · Tue Nov 24 19:00:00 EST 2020 · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · OSTI ID:2458196

Related Subjects

42 ENGINEERING
Digital control
LLC resonant converter
simplified optimal trajectory control (SOTC)
soft start-up
transient control

Transient Control and Soft Start-Up for 1-MHz LLC Converter With Wide Input Voltage Range Using Simplified Optimal Trajectory Control

Citation Formats

References (14)

Similar Records

Related Subjects