Entangling quantum logic gates in neutral atoms via the microwave-driven spin-flip blockade

Buchemmavari, Vikas; Omanakuttan, Sivaprasad; Jau, Yuan-Yu; Deutsch, Ivan

doi:10.1103/physreva.109.012615

Entangling quantum logic gates in neutral atoms via the microwave-driven spin-flip blockade

Journal Article · Tue Jan 16 23:00:00 EST 2024 · Physical Review A

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.109.012615· OSTI ID:2441140

^[1]; Omanakuttan, Sivaprasad ^[1]; Jau, Yuan-Yu ^[2]; ^[1]

Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States); Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

The Rydberg dipole blockade has emerged as the standard mechanism to induce entanglement between neutral-atom qubits. In these protocols, laser fields that couple qubit states to Rydberg states are modulated to implement entangling gates. Here, in this study, we present an alternative protocol to implement entangling gates via Rydberg dressing and a microwave-field-driven spin-flip blockade. We consider the specific example of qubits encoded in the clock states of cesium. An auxiliary hyperfine state is optically dressed so that it acquires partial Rydberg character. It thus acts as a proxy Rydberg state, with a nonlinear light shift that plays the role of blockade strength. A microwave-frequency field coupling a qubit state to this dressed auxiliary state can be modulated to implement entangling gates. Logic gate protocols designed for the optical regime can be imported to this microwave regime, for which experimental control methods are more robust. We show that unlike the strong dipole-blockade regime usually employed in Rydberg experiments, going to a moderate-spin-flip-blockade regime results in faster gates and smaller Rydberg decay. We study various regimes of operations that can yield high-fidelity two-qubit entangling gates and characterize their analytical behavior. In addition to the inherent robustness of microwave control, we can design these gates to be more robust to laser amplitude and frequency noises at the cost of a small increase in Rydberg decay.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2441140

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2474564

Report Number(s):: SAND--2024-12125J

Journal Information:: Physical Review A, Journal Name: Physical Review A Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 109; ISSN 2469-9926

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (57)

Quantum Computing with Neutral Atoms in an Optical Lattice Deutsch, Ivan H.; Brennen, Gavin K.; Jessen, Poul S. Fortschritte der Physik, Vol. 48, Issue 9-11 https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3978(200009)48:9/11%3C925::AID-PROP925%3E3.0.CO;2-A	journal	September 2000
Multibit C k NOT quantum gates via Rydberg blockade Isenhower, L.; Saffman, M.; Mølmer, K. Quantum Information Processing, Vol. 10, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-011-0292-4	journal	September 2011
ARC: An open-source library for calculating properties of alkali Rydberg atoms Šibalić, N.; Pritchard, J. D.; Adams, C. S. Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 220 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2017.06.015	journal	November 2017
Optimal control of coupled spin dynamics: design of NMR pulse sequences by gradient ascent algorithms Khaneja, Navin; Reiss, Timo; Kehlet, Cindie Journal of Magnetic Resonance, Vol. 172, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2004.11.004	journal	February 2005
An optical lattice clock with accuracy and stability at the 10−18 level Bloom, B. J.; Nicholson, T. L.; Williams, J. R. Nature, Vol. 506, Issue 7486 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12941	journal	January 2014
Entangling atomic spins with a Rydberg-dressed spin-flip blockade Jau, Y.-Y.; Hankin, A. M.; Keating, T. Nature Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 1, p. 71-74 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3487	journal	October 2015
Assembly and coherent control of a register of nuclear spin qubits Barnes, Katrina; Battaglino, Peter; Bloom, Benjamin J. Nature Communications, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29977-z	journal	May 2022
Erasure conversion for fault-tolerant quantum computing in alkaline earth Rydberg atom arrays Wu, Yue; Kolkowitz, Shimon; Puri, Shruti Nature Communications, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32094-6	journal	August 2022
Many-body physics with individually controlled Rydberg atoms Browaeys, Antoine; Lahaye, Thierry Nature Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-019-0733-z	journal	January 2020
High-fidelity entanglement and detection of alkaline-earth Rydberg atoms Madjarov, Ivaylo S.; Covey, Jacob P.; Shaw, Adam L. Nature Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-0903-z	journal	May 2020
Rydberg quantum wires for maximum independent set problems Kim, Minhyuk; Kim, Kangheun; Hwang, Jaeyong Nature Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-022-01629-5	journal	June 2022
Long-lived Bell states in an array of optical clock qubits Schine, Nathan; Young, Aaron W.; Eckner, William J. Nature Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-022-01678-w	journal	August 2022
Quantum phases of matter on a 256-atom programmable quantum simulator Ebadi, Sepehr; Wang, Tout T.; Levine, Harry Nature, Vol. 595, Issue 7866 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03582-4	journal	July 2021
Quantum simulation of 2D antiferromagnets with hundreds of Rydberg atoms Scholl, Pascal; Schuler, Michael; Williams, Hannah J. Nature, Vol. 595, Issue 7866 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03585-1	journal	July 2021
A quantum processor based on coherent transport of entangled atom arrays Bluvstein, Dolev; Levine, Harry; Semeghini, Giulia Nature, Vol. 604, Issue 7906 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04592-6	journal	April 2022
Multi-qubit entanglement and algorithms on a neutral-atom quantum computer Graham, T. M.; Song, Y.; Scott, J. Nature, Vol. 604, Issue 7906 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04603-6	journal	April 2022
Realizing spin squeezing with Rydberg interactions in an optical clock Eckner, William J.; Darkwah Oppong, Nelson; Cao, Alec Nature, Vol. 621, Issue 7980 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06360-6	journal	August 2023
Scalable spin squeezing in a dipolar Rydberg atom array Bornet, Guillaume; Emperauger, Gabriel; Chen, Cheng Nature, Vol. 621, Issue 7980 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06414-9	journal	August 2023
High-fidelity gates and mid-circuit erasure conversion in an atomic qubit Ma, Shuo; Liu, Genyue; Peng, Pai Nature, Vol. 622, Issue 7982 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06438-1	journal	October 2023
High-fidelity parallel entangling gates on a neutral-atom quantum computer Evered, Simon J.; Bluvstein, Dolev; Kalinowski, Marcin Nature, Vol. 622, Issue 7982 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06481-y	journal	October 2023
Quantum computing with atomic qubits and Rydberg interactions: progress and challenges Saffman, M. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Vol. 49, Issue 20, Article No. 202001 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/49/20/202001	journal	October 2016
Quantum Optimization with Arbitrary Connectivity Using Rydberg Atom Arrays Nguyen, Minh-Thi; Liu, Jin-Guo; Wurtz, Jonathan PRX Quantum, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.4.010316	journal	February 2023
Protocols for Rydberg Entangling Gates Featuring Robustness against Quasistatic Errors Fromonteil, Charles; Bluvstein, Dolev; Pichler, Hannes PRX Quantum, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.4.020335	journal	June 2023
Optimizing Rydberg Gates for Logical-Qubit Performance Jandura, Sven; Thompson, Jeff D.; Pupillo, Guido PRX Quantum, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.4.020336	journal	June 2023
Robust Mølmer-Sørensen gate for neutral atoms using rapid adiabatic Rydberg dressing Mitra, Anupam; Martin, Michael J.; Biedermann, Grant W. Physical Review A, Vol. 101, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.101.030301	journal	March 2020
Symmetric Rydberg controlled- Z gates with adiabatic pulses Saffman, M.; Beterov, I. I.; Dalal, A. Physical Review A, Vol. 101, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.101.062309	journal	June 2020
Neutral-atom entanglement using adiabatic Rydberg dressing Mitra, Anupam; Omanakuttan, Sivaprasad; Martin, Michael J. Physical Review A, Vol. 107, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.062609	journal	June 2023
Control of inhomogeneous quantum ensembles Li, Jr-Shin; Khaneja, Navin Physical Review A, Vol. 73, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.73.030302	journal	March 2006
Quantum control of the hyperfine-coupled electron and nuclear spins in alkali-metal atoms Merkel, Seth T.; Jessen, Poul S.; Deutsch, Ivan H. Physical Review A, Vol. 78, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.78.023404	journal	August 2008
Interactions between Rydberg-dressed atoms Johnson, J. E.; Rolston, S. L. Physical Review A, Vol. 82, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.82.033412	journal	September 2010
Adiabatic quantum computation with Rydberg-dressed atoms Keating, Tyler; Goyal, Krittika; Jau, Yuan-Yu Physical Review A, Vol. 87, Issue 5, Article No. 052314 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.87.052314	journal	May 2013
Robust quantum logic in neutral atoms via adiabatic Rydberg dressing Keating, Tyler; Cook, Robert L.; Hankin, Aaron M. Physical Review A, Vol. 91, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.91.012337	journal	January 2015
Two-qubit gates using adiabatic passage of the Stark-tuned Förster resonances in Rydberg atoms Beterov, I. I.; Saffman, M.; Yakshina, E. A. Physical Review A, Vol. 94, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.94.062307	journal	December 2016
High-fidelity Rydberg quantum gate via a two-atom dark state Petrosyan, David; Motzoi, Felix; Saffman, Mark Physical Review A, Vol. 96, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.96.042306	journal	October 2017
Rydberg Quantum Gates Free from Blockade Error Shi, Xiao-Feng Physical Review Applied, Vol. 7, Issue 6, Article No. 064017 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.7.064017	journal	June 2017
Mesoscopic Rydberg Gate Based on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Müller, M.; Lesanovsky, I.; Weimer, H. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.170502	journal	April 2009
Three-Dimensional Roton Excitations and Supersolid Formation in Rydberg-Excited Bose-Einstein Condensates Henkel, N.; Nath, R.; Pohl, T. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.195302	journal	May 2010
Accurate and Robust Unitary Transformations of a High-Dimensional Quantum System Anderson, B. E.; Sosa-Martinez, H.; Riofrío, C. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.240401	journal	June 2015
Parallel Implementation of High-Fidelity Multiqubit Gates with Neutral Atoms Levine, Harry; Keesling, Alexander; Semeghini, Giulia Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.170503	journal	October 2019
Variational Spin-Squeezing Algorithms on Programmable Quantum Sensors Kaubruegger, Raphael; Silvi, Pietro; Kokail, Christian Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.260505	journal	December 2019
Spin Squeezing by Rydberg Dressing in an Array of Atomic Ensembles Hines, Jacob A.; Rajagopal, Shankari V.; Moreau, Gabriel L. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 131, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.063401	journal	August 2023
Quantum Logic Gates in Optical Lattices Brennen, Gavin K.; Caves, Carlton M.; Jessen, Poul S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 82, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.1060	journal	February 1999
Fast Quantum Gates for Neutral Atoms Jaksch, D.; Cirac, J. I.; Zoller, P. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 85, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.2208	journal	September 2000
Error budgeting for a controlled-phase gate with strontium-88 Rydberg atoms Pagano, Alice; Weber, Sebastian; Jaschke, Daniel Physical Review Research, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.033019	journal	July 2022
Dual-Element, Two-Dimensional Atom Array with Continuous-Mode Operation Singh, Kevin; Anand, Shraddha; Pocklington, Andrew Physical Review X, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.12.011040	journal	March 2022
Hardware-Efficient, Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computation with Rydberg Atoms Cong, Iris; Levine, Harry; Keesling, Alexander Physical Review X, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.12.021049	journal	June 2022
Midcircuit Operations Using the omg Architecture in Neutral Atom Arrays Lis, Joanna W.; Senoo, Aruku; McGrew, William F. Physical Review X, Vol. 13, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.13.041035	journal	November 2023
Midcircuit Measurements on a Single-Species Neutral Alkali Atom Quantum Processor Graham, T. M.; Phuttitarn, L.; Chinnarasu, R. Physical Review X, Vol. 13, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.13.041051	journal	December 2023
Nobel Lecture: Controlling photons in a box and exploring the quantum to classical boundary Haroche, Serge Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 85, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.85.1083	journal	July 2013
Nobel Lecture: Superposition, entanglement, and raising Schrödinger’s cat Wineland, David J. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 85, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.85.1103	journal	July 2013
Atom-by-atom assembly of defect-free one-dimensional cold atom arrays Endres, Manuel; Bernien, Hannes; Keesling, Alexander Science, Vol. 354, Issue 6315 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah3752	journal	November 2016
An atom-by-atom assembler of defect-free arbitrary two-dimensional atomic arrays Barredo, Daniel; de Léséleuc, Sylvain; Lienhard, Vincent Science, Vol. 354, Issue 6315 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah3778	journal	November 2016
Quantum optimization of maximum independent set using Rydberg atom arrays Ebadi, S.; Keesling, A.; Cain, M. Science, Vol. 376, Issue 6598 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abo6587	journal	June 2022
Quantum computing with neutral atoms Henriet, Loïc; Beguin, Lucas; Signoles, Adrien Quantum, Vol. 4 https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2020-09-21-327	journal	September 2020
Time-Optimal Two- and Three-Qubit Gates for Rydberg Atoms Jandura, Sven; Pupillo, Guido Quantum, Vol. 6 https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-05-13-712	journal	May 2022
Rydberg Quantum Wires for Maximum Independent Set Problems Kim, Minhyuk; Kim, Kangheun; Hwang, Jaeyong figshare https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.19306640.v2	dataset	January 2022
Erasure conversion for fault-tolerant quantum computing in alkaline earth Rydberg atom arrays Thompson, Jeffrey Harvard Dataverse https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/h9lv4h	dataset	January 2022

Similar Records

Neutral-atom entanglement using adiabatic Rydberg dressing

Journal Article · Thu Jun 15 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Physical Review A · OSTI ID:2475606

Asymmetric Blockade and Multiqubit Gates via Dipole-Dipole Interactions

Journal Article · Fri Sep 17 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Physical Review Letters · OSTI ID:1852784

Related Subjects

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS

Entangling quantum logic gates in neutral atoms via the microwave-driven spin-flip blockade

Citation Formats

References (57)

Similar Records

Related Subjects