Skip to main content
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Evolution of Pore Structure in Organic-Lean and Organic-Rich Mudrocks

Journal Article · · Energy and Fuels
The pore structure of mudrocks is a key characteristic to evaluate flow behavior through these rocks. Although significant advances have been made to resolve pore characteristics, porosity evolution, or pore connectivity, there is still insufficient knowledge linking porosity evolution to flow and transport in mudrocks. To better understand these links, we conducted very small-angle (VSANS) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments on 13 sets of mudrocks from global locations, characterized by differences in composition, maturity, and depositional environment. Our results indicate that a homogeneous pore structure reflects a stable and low-energy depositional environment. Organic-lean mudrocks mainly contain pores <10 nm, which restricts flow and is beneficial for, e.g., caprock seal integrity. Increasing maturity as a result of increasing burial depth, and therefore, temperature leads to porosity evolution. In organic-rich mudrocks (ORMs), this happens through the generation of organic matter pores and pore preservation around diagenetically formed carbonates. ORMs mainly contain macropores (>50 nm), favoring production from, e.g., unconventional reservoirs. SANS-derived pore size distributions will help to better understand fluid imbibition and flow properties in mudrocks through comprehensive quantitative characterization of the nano- to micron scale pore network conduits and their relationships to burial diagenesis.
Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division (CSGB)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
2441011
Journal Information:
Energy and Fuels, Journal Name: Energy and Fuels Journal Issue: 21 Vol. 37; ISSN 0887-0624
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (87)

Retromuscular drain output at removal does not influence adverse outcome rate in open ventral hernia repairs journal October 2023
Predicting Fluid Flow Regime, Permeability, and Diffusivity in Mudrocks from Multiscale Pore Characterisation journal November 2021
Supercritical methane adsorption and storage in pores in shales and isolated kerogens journal March 2020
Depositional environment of Toarcian shales from northern Germany as monitored with porphyrins journal September 1993
Quantitative modeling of organic matter connectivity in source rocks using fractal geostatistical analysis journal January 1995
Sedimentology and palaeogeography of the regressive-transgressive Kurnub Group (Early Cretaceous) of Jordan journal August 1997
Diffusive transport and reaction in clay rocks: A storage (nuclear waste, CO2, H2), energy (shale gas) and water quality issue journal August 2017
Interplay of molecular size and pore network geometry on the diffusion of dissolved gases and HTO in Boom Clay journal January 2017
Drilling and sampling a natural CO2 reservoir: Implications for fluid flow and CO2-fluid–rock reactions during CO2 migration through the overburden journal March 2014
Pore morphology and distribution in the Shaly facies of Opalinus Clay (Mont Terri, Switzerland): Insights from representative 2D BIB–SEM investigations on mm to nm scale journal January 2013
BIB-SEM study of the pore space morphology in early mature Posidonia Shale from the Hils area, Germany journal December 2012
The nature of porosity in organic-rich mudstones of the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation, North Sea, offshore United Kingdom journal December 2012
Mineralogy and geochemistry of Mississippian and Lower Pennsylvanian Black Shales at the Northern Margin of the Variscan Mountain Belt (Germany and Belgium) journal December 2012
Application of BIB–SEM technology to characterize macropore morphology in coal journal July 2013
Experimental study of fluid transport processes in the matrix system of the European organic-rich shales: II. Posidonia Shale (Lower Toarcian, northern Germany) journal March 2014
Geological controls on the methane storage capacity in organic-rich shales journal March 2014
Mineralogical changes in organic-rich Posidonia Shale during natural and experimental maturation journal March 2016
The effect of thermal maturity on porosity development in the Upper Devonian –Lower Mississippian Woodford Shale, Permian Basin, US: Insights into the role of silica nanospheres and microcrystalline quartz on porosity preservation journal January 2020
Validating Reactive Transport Models of CO2-brine-Rock Reactions in Caprocks Using Observations from a Natural CO2 Reservoir journal July 2017
Characterization of tight gas reservoir pore structure using USANS/SANS and gas adsorption analysis journal May 2012
Nano-scale texture and porosity of organic matter and clay minerals in organic-rich mudrocks journal November 2014
Pore-scale numerical investigation into the impacts of the spatial and pore-size distributions of organic matter on shale gas flow and their implications on multiscale characterisation journal March 2018
Nano-scale physicochemical attributes and their impact on pore heterogeneity in shale journal April 2022
A new approach to quantification of metamorphism using ultra-small and small angle neutron scattering journal December 2009
POCUS in undifferentiated shock journal December 2023
Multiple causes of diagenetic fabric anisotropy in weakly consolidated mud, Nankai accretionary prism, IODP Expedition 316 journal December 2010
The importance of shale composition and pore structure upon gas storage potential of shale gas reservoirs journal June 2009
Geochemical evolution of organic-rich shales with increasing maturity: A STXM and TEM study of the Posidonia Shale (Lower Toarcian, northern Germany) journal March 2012
Haynesville and Bossier mudrocks: A facies and sequence stratigraphic investigation, East Texas and Louisiana, USA journal March 2012
Experimental study of fluid transport processes in the matrix system of the European organic-rich shales: I. Scandinavian Alum Shale journal March 2014
BIB-SEM characterization of pore space morphology and distribution in postmature to overmature samples from the Haynesville and Bossier Shales journal January 2015
Evolution of porosity and pore types in organic-rich, calcareous, Lower Toarcian Posidonia Shale journal August 2016
Pore structure, gas storage and matrix transport characteristics of lacustrine Newark shale journal November 2018
Characterization of multi-scale microstructural features in Opalinus Clay journal April 2013
Fabric anisotropy induced by primary depositional variations in the silt: clay ratio in two fine-grained slope fan complexes: Texas Gulf Coast and northern North Sea journal April 2010
Porosity of Coal and Shale: Insights from Gas Adsorption and SANS/USANS Techniques journal July 2012
High-Pressure Methane Adsorption and Characterization of Pores in Posidonia Shales and Isolated Kerogens journal April 2014
Hierarchical Pore Morphology of Cretaceous Shale: A Small-Angle Neutron Scattering and Ultrasmall-Angle Neutron Scattering Study journal September 2014
Predicting Effective Diffusion Coefficients in Mudrocks Using a Fractal Model and Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Measurements journal September 2018
Small-angle scattering studies of the pore spaces of shaly rocks journal January 1986
Diagenesis of US Gulf Coast shales journal December 1986
Observational evidence confirms modelling of the long-term integrity of CO2-reservoir caprocks journal July 2016
Pore size distribution of shaley rock by small angle neutron scattering journal August 1983
Microstructural evolution of source rocks during hydrocarbon generation: A small-angle-scattering study journal June 1996
KWS-1 high-resolution small-angle neutron scattering instrument at JCNS: current state journal January 2015
MATSAS : a small-angle scattering computing tool for porous systems journal March 2021
Specific surface area and pore-size distribution in clays and shales journal January 2013
Thermal evolution and shale gas potential estimation of the Wealden and Posidonia Shale in NW-Germany and the Netherlands: a 3D basin modelling study journal January 2015
Palaeo‐climate controlled diagenesis of the Westphalian C & D fluvial sandstones in the Campine Basin (north‐east Belgium) journal September 2008
Insights into pore-scale controls on mudstone permeability through resedimentation experiments journal November 2011
Mechanical weakening of a mudrock seal by reaction with CO2-charged fluids journal April 2023
The reservoir development of the Late Maastrichtian–Early Paleocene Ormen Lange gas field, Møre Basin, Mid-Norwegian Shelf
  • Gjelberg, J.; Martinsen, O. J.; Charnock, M.
  • Geological Society, London, Petroleum Geology Conference series, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1144/0061165
journal January 2005
Overview of the influence of syn-sedimentary tectonics and palaeo-fluvial systems on coal seam and sand body characteristics in the Westphalian C strata, Campine Basin, Belgium journal January 1995
Internal geometry of fault damage zones in interbedded siliciclastic sediments journal January 2008
Determining the porosity of mudrocks using methodological pluralism journal January 2017
Geomechanical and petrophysical properties of mudrocks: introduction journal January 2017
Correlative multi-scale imaging of shales: a review and future perspectives journal January 2017
Thermal Maturation of Gas Shale Systems journal May 2014
Oceanic Euxinia in Earth History: Causes and Consequences journal May 2008
Porosity and pore size distribution in mudrocks from the Belle Fourche and Second White Specks Formations in Alberta, Canada journal August 2016
Porosity of Devonian and Mississippian New Albany Shale across a maturation gradient: Insights from organic petrology, gas adsorption, and mercury intrusion journal October 2013
Organic matter network in post-mature Marcellus Shale: Effects on petrophysical properties journal November 2018
Failure of cap-rock seals as determined from mechanical stratigraphy, stress history, and tensile-failure analysis of exhumed analogs journal November 2014
Spectrum of pore types and networks in mudrocks and a descriptive classification for matrix-related mudrock pores journal June 2012
Characterization of gas shale pore systems by porosimetry, pycnometry, surface area, and field emission scanning electron microscopy/transmission electron microscopy image analyses: Examples from the Barnett, Woodford, Haynesville, Marcellus, and Doig units journal June 2012
Pore-throat sizes in sandstones, tight sandstones, and shales journal March 2009
Grain assemblages and strong diagenetic overprinting in siliceous mudrocks, Barnett Shale (Mississippian), Fort Worth Basin, Texas journal August 2012
Mineralogical and Morphological Evidence for the Formation of Illite at the Expense of Illite/Smectite journal August 1985
Fe-Smectite-Glauconite Transition in Hydrothermal Green Clays from the Galapagos Spreading Center journal December 1989
Morphological, Chemical, and Isotopic Evidence for an Early Diagenetic Evolution of Detrital Smectite in Marine Sediments journal February 1990
The Use of Clay as an Engineered Barrier in Radioactive-Waste Management – A Review journal December 2013
Insights into Diagenesis and Pore Structure of Opalinus Shale Through Comparative Studies of Natural and Reconstituted Materials journal April 2017
Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity (Recommendations 1984) journal January 1985
KWS-1: Small-angle scattering diffractometer journal June 2015
KWS-3: Very small angle scattering diffractometer with focusing mirror journal June 2015
Upper Carboniferous lithostratigraphic units (Belgium) journal April 2002
Investigations on the shale oil and gas potential of Westphalian mudstone successions in the Campine Basin, NE Belgium (well KB174): Palaeoenvironmental and palaeogeographical controls journal January 2016
Morphology, Genesis, and Distribution of Nanometer-Scale Pores in Siliceous Mudstones of the Mississippian Barnett Shale journal November 2009
Petrophysical Considerations in Evaluating and Producing Shale Gas Resources conference February 2010
Characterization of deep weathering and nanoporosity development in shale--A neutron study journal March 2011
Small-Angle Neutron Scattering and the Microstructure of Rocks journal January 2006
Characterization and Analysis of Porosity and Pore Structures journal January 2015
Ostwald processes and mineral paragenesis in sediments journal June 1988
Comparative Porosity and Pore Structure Assessment in Shales: Measurement Techniques, Influencing Factors and Implications for Reservoir Characterization journal May 2019
Resolving the Pore Structure and Sorption Properties of Methane in Mudrocks - A Small Angle Neutron Scattering Study conference January 2019
Morphology of the pore space in claystones – evidence from BIB/FIB ion beam sectioning and cryo-SEM observations journal January 2009
Scientific drilling and downhole fluid sampling of a natural CO2 reservoir, Green River, Utah journal January 2013

Similar Records

Evolution of the Percolation Threshold in Muds and Mudrocks During Burial
Journal Article · Mon Jul 29 20:00:00 EDT 2019 · Geophysical Research Letters · OSTI ID:1560210

Predicting Fluid Flow Regime, Permeability, and Diffusivity in Mudrocks from Multiscale Pore Characterisation
Journal Article · Mon Nov 15 19:00:00 EST 2021 · Transport in Porous Media · OSTI ID:1835205