Microstructural characterization and equibiaxial flexural strength of CeO2 and Ti-doped CeO2

Lupercio, Adrianna E.; Van Horn, Riley C.; Doyle, Cayden; Nadermann, Alex; Nelson, Andrew T.; Jaques, Brian J.

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.07.117

Microstructural characterization and equibiaxial flexural strength of CeO₂ and Ti-doped CeO₂

Journal Article · Wed Jul 10 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Ceramics International

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.07.117· OSTI ID:2440978

^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; Jaques, Brian J. ^[1]

Boise State Univ., ID (United States); Center for Advanced Energy Studies, Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
Northwest Nazarene University, Nampa, ID (United States)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

In this study, the synthesis of CeO₂ and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) doped CeO₂ (TDC) monoliths are investigated, and their fracture strength is assessed using an equibiaxial flexure testing technique at room temperature. Pellets were synthesized using conventional powder processing and sintering methods to produce the desired characteristics. The TiO₂ dopant concentration was optimized at 0.1 wt % TiO₂ to obtain dense, solid-solution pellets with an enhanced grain microstructure. A ball-on-ring fixture was used to obtain the TRS and Weibull parameters of over 30 pellets for CeO₂ and 0.1 wt % TDC to compare fracture behavior. The TRS of CeO₂ pellets ranged from 88 to 160 MPa and the TRS of 0.1 wt % TDC pellets ranged from 102 to 171 MPa, both being consistent with published values. Weibull parameters, such as characteristic strength and Weibull modulus, were extracted as 129 MPa and 8.5 for CeO₂ and 150 MPa and 9.3 for 0.1 wt % TDC, respectively. Although Hertzian contact damage was observed on compressive surfaces, failure initiation occurred on the tensile surfaces of both types of samples. Fracture surface analysis for CeO₂ indicated a predominantly intergranular fracture while 0.1 wt % TDC had a predominantly transgranular fracture mode. Finally, the TRS of 0.1 wt % TDC resulted in increased Weibull parameters when compared to CeO₂, indicating sample chemistry and microstructure impact mechanical behavior for these samples.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE), Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Supply Chain. Advanced Fuel Campaign; USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE), Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 2440978

Journal Information:: Ceramics International, Journal Name: Ceramics International Journal Issue: 20 Vol. 50; ISSN 0272-8842

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (48)

Ball‐on‐ring test validation for equibiaxial flexural strength testing of engineered ceramics Lupercio, Adrianna E.; Moshkelgosha, Ehsan; Winters, Riley C. International Journal of Ceramic Engineering & Science, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/ces2.10085	journal	March 2021
Some properties of sintered ceria ceramics Akopov, F. A.; Poluboyarinov, D. N. Refractories, Vol. 6, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01290299	journal	March 1965
Sinterability, Mechanical, Microstructural, and Electrical Properties of Gadolinium-Doped Ceria Electrolyte for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Reddy, Kondakindi Rajender; Karan, Kunal Journal of Electroceramics, Vol. 15, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10832-005-1099-4	journal	September 2005
On the effect of TiO2 additions on sintering of UO2 Matzke, Hj. Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 20, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(66)90046-8	journal	September 1966
The effect of titania on grain growth and densification of sintered UO2 Ainscough, J. B.; Rigby, F.; Osborn, S. C. Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 52, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(74)90167-6	journal	October 1974
Effect of fabrication parameters and microstructure on the mechanical strength of UO2 fuel pellets Radford, K. C. Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 84, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(79)90165-X	journal	October 1979
Structural chemistry of magnéli phases TinO2n−1 (4 ≤ n ≤ 9) Le Page, Y.; Marezio, M. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 53, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4596(84)90223-8	journal	June 1984
Ceria–lanthanum strontium manganite composites for use in oxygen generation systems Cutler, R. Solid State Ionics, Vol. 159, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(03)00006-7	journal	March 2003
Thermal and mechanical properties of rare earth-doped ceria ceramics Sameshima, Soichiro; Ichikawa, Tatsuhiko; Kawaminami, Manabu Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 61, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(99)00109-1	journal	September 1999
Mechanical properties and electrochemical characterisation of extruded doped cerium oxide for use as an electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells Bellon, Oliver; Sammes, Nigel M.; Staniforth, John Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 75, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(98)00104-9	journal	September 1998
Defect thermodynamics and electrical properties of nanocrystalline oxides: pure and doped CeO2 Chiang, Y. -M.; Lavik, E. B.; Blom, D. A. Nanostructured Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 1-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0965-9773(97)00142-6	journal	January 1997
Consistency in the chemical expansion of fluorites: A thermal revision of the doped ceria Omar, Shobit; Nino, Juan C. Acta Materialia, Vol. 61, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.05.029	journal	August 2013
Aqueous tape casting and crystallization behavior of gadolinium-doped ceria Fu, Yen-Pei; Liu, Yen-Chun; Hu, Shao-Hua Ceramics International, Vol. 35, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2009.05.002	journal	December 2009
Properties and performance of photocatalytic CeO₂, TiO₂, and CeO₂–TiO₂ layered thin films Kumar, Vishesh; Chen, Wen-Fan; Zhang, Xichao Ceramics International, Vol. 45, Issue 17, p. 22085-22094 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.07.225	journal	December 2019
Modelling intergranular and transgranular micro-cracking in polycrystalline materials Gulizzi, V.; Rycroft, C. H.; Benedetti, I. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 329, p. 168-194 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2017.10.005	journal	October 2017
Pollution prevention via recovery of cerium (IV) oxide in optics company Park, Eugene; Gallagher, William; Hobbs, Zachary Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Vol. 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscee.2020.100003	journal	May 2020
Electrical and thermal properties of LT-SOFC solid electrolytes: Sm cerates/zirconates obtained by mechanochemistry González-García, K. A.; Díaz-Guillén, J. A.; Montemayor, S. M. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.01.057	journal	January 2024
Microstructural, electrical and thermal characterization of Dy3+, Sm3+, Er3+, Y3+ and Gd3+ multi-doped cerium dioxide as SOFCs solid electrolytes Zhu, Minzheng; Yi, Li; Zhou, Rui Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 976 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.173108	journal	March 2024
Cerium oxide based materials for water treatment – A review Kurian, Manju Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.104439	journal	October 2020
Mechanical properties of pure and doped cerium oxide Lipińska-Chwałek, M.; Schulze-Küppers, F.; Malzbender, J. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 35, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2014.11.036	journal	May 2015
Microstructural and crystallographic effects of sol-gel synthesized Ti-doped UO2 sintered under reducing conditions Silva, Chinthaka M.; Hunt, Rodney D.; Nelson, Andrew T. Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 552 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2021.153003	journal	August 2021
Grain boundary conductivity of high purity neodymium-doped ceria nanosystem with and without the doping of molybdenum oxide Zhu, J. X.; Zhou, D. F.; Guo, S. R. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 174, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.08.093	journal	November 2007
Structural and electrical properties of grain boundaries in Ce0.85Gd0.15O1.925 solid electrolyte modified by addition of transition metal ions Zając, Wojciech; Suescun, Leopoldo; Świerczek, Konrad Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 194, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.12.020	journal	October 2009
Molecular dynamics simulations of the deformation behavior of gadolinia-doped ceria solid electrolytes under tensile loading Sun, Yi; Wang, Chen; Chen, Yunjun Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 233 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.01.139	journal	July 2013
Sintering temperature effect on density, structural and morphological properties of Mg- and Sr-doped ceria Ahmad, Syed Ismail; Koteshwar Rao, P.; Syed, Iizhar Ahmed Journal of Taibah University for Science, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtusci.2015.04.003	journal	July 2016
Densification and electrical conductivity of fast fired manganese-doped ceria ceramics Pereira, G. J.; Castro, R. H. R.; de Florio, D. Z. Materials Letters, Vol. 59, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2004.12.027	journal	April 2005
Effect of pore size on the flexural strength of porous silicon carbide ceramics Das, Dulal; Lucio, Maria Dolores Sosa; Kultayeva, Shynar Open Ceramics, Vol. 17 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceram.2023.100521	journal	March 2024
Synthesis and electrophysical properties of (1−x)Ce0.8Gd0.2O2−δ+xTiO2 (x=0–0.06) solid-state solutions Pikalova, E. Yu.; Maragou, V. I.; Demin, A. K. Solid State Ionics, Vol. 179, Issue 27-32 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2007.12.086	journal	September 2008
Structure and Reducibility of CeO ₂ Doped with Trivalent Cations Lucid, Aoife K.; Keating, Patrick R. L.; Allen, Jeremy P. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 120, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b08118	journal	October 2016
An X-Ray Study of the Rare-earth Oxide Systems: Ce ^IV —Nd ^III , Cr ^IV —Pr ^III , Ce ^IV —Pr ^IV and Pr ^IV —Nd ^III1 McCullough, J. D. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 72, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01159a085	journal	March 1950
Effect of rare-earth oxides on fracture properties of ceria ceramics Sato, K.; Yugami, H.; Hashida, T. Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 39, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JMSC.0000040087.37727.cd	journal	September 2004
A comprehensive assessment of the low-temperature thermal properties and thermodynamic functions of CeO ₂ Morrison, Tyler D.; Wood, Elizabeth Sooby; Weck, Phillippe F. The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 151, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5110178	journal	July 2019
Separate-Effects Tests for Studying Temperature-Gradient-Driven Cracking in UO ₂ Pellets Patnaik, S.; Spencer, B. W.; Roberts, E. Nuclear Science and Engineering https://doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2021.1932223	journal	July 2021
Sintering and mechanical properties of gadolinium-doped ceria ceramics Yasuda, K.; Uemura, K.; Shiota, T. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 339, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/339/1/012006	journal	January 2012
Grain Growth in CeO2: Dopant Effects, Defect Mechanism, and Solute Drag Chen, Pei-Lin; Chen, I-Wei Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 79, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb07997.x	journal	July 1996
Generalized Orowan‐Petch Plot for Brittle Fracture Zimmermann, André; Rödel, Jürgen Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 81, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998.tb02657.x	journal	October 1998
Effect of Grain Size on Mechanical Properties of Submicrometer 3Y‐TZP: Fracture Strength and Hydrothermal Degradation Eichler, Jens; Rödel, Jürgen; Eisele, Ulrich Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 90, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01643.x	journal	July 2007
Effects of Reduction Treatment on Fracture Properties of Cerium Oxide Wang, Yanli; Duncan, Keith L.; Wachsman, Eric D. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 90, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01994.x	journal	October 2007
An Evaluation of the Thermophysical Properties of Stoichiometric CeO ₂ in Comparison to UO ₂ and PuO ₂ Nelson, Andrew T.; Rittman, Dylan R.; White, Joshua T. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 97, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.13170	journal	August 2014
Thermal and mechanical properties of CeO ₂ Suzuki, Kiichi; Kato, Masato; Sunaoshi, Takeo Journal of the American Ceramic Society https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.16055	journal	September 2018
A Statistical Distribution Function of Wide Applicability Weibull, Waloddi Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 18, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4010337	journal	September 1951
Perspective—The Role of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells in Our Carbon-Neutral Future Tew, David E.; Cox-Galhotra, Rosemary A.; Lecoustre, Vivien R. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 169, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac4ea3	journal	February 2022
Influence of Test Method on Failure Stress of Brittle Dental Materials Ban, S.; Anusavice, K. J. Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 69, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345900690120201	journal	December 1990
H in rutile-type compounds: I. Single-crystal neutron and X-ray diffraction study of H in rutile Swope, R. Jeffrey; Smyth, Joseph R.; Larson, Allen C. American Mineralogist, Vol. 80, Issue 5-6 https://doi.org/10.2138/am-1995-5-604	journal	June 1995
Effect of TiO2 as an additive on the sintering performance of Sm-doped CeO2-based electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells Sun, Xuzhuo; Deng, Shuailei; Xia, Yunyun Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol. 10 https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2022.1034993	journal	October 2022
A Comparison of the Mechanical Properties of Three Glass-Ionomer Cements Poolthong, Suchit; Mori, Toshiko; Swain, Michael V. Dental Materials Journal, Vol. 13, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.13.220	journal	January 1994
Machining Cracks in Finished Ceramics Quinn, George D.; Ives, Lewis K.; Jahanmir, S. Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 290 https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.290.1	journal	July 2005
The Structural and Mechanical Properties of (CeO₂)_1-x(GdO_1.5)_x Electrolytes Sammes, Nigel; Tompsett, Geoffrey; Zhang, Yuanji Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, Vol. 64, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.5796/kogyobutsurikagaku.64.674	journal	June 1996

Similar Records

Equibiaxial flexural strength determination of UO₂ using a ball-on-ring test

Journal Article · Wed Nov 29 23:00:00 EST 2023 · Journal of Nuclear Materials · OSTI ID:2333856

Ball-on-ring test validation for equibiaxial flexural strength testing of engineered ceramics

Journal Article · Wed Mar 10 23:00:00 EST 2021 · International Journal of Ceramic Engineering & Science · OSTI ID:1813239

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Microstructural characterization and equibiaxial flexural strength of CeO2 and Ti-doped CeO2

Citation Formats

References (48)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Microstructural characterization and equibiaxial flexural strength of CeO₂ and Ti-doped CeO₂