Towards COP27: Decarbonization patterns of residential building in China and India

Yan, Ran; Ma, Minda; Zhou, Nan; Feng, Wei; Xiang, Xiwang; Mao, Chao

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122003

Towards COP27: Decarbonization patterns of residential building in China and India

Journal Article · Thu Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Applied Energy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122003· OSTI ID:2439962

Yan, Ran ^[1]; Ma, Minda ^[2]; Zhou, Nan ^[3]; Feng, Wei ^[4]; Xiang, Xiwang ^[1]; Mao, Chao ^[1]

Chongqing Univ. (China)
Chongqing Univ. (China); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen (China). Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology. Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

As the two largest emerging emitters with the highest growth in operational carbon emissions from residential buildings, the historical emission patterns and decarbonization efforts of China and India warrant further exploration. This study aims to be the first to present a carbon intensity model considering end-use performances, assessing the operational decarbonization progress of residential building in India and China over the past two decades using the newest decomposing structural decomposition approach. Results indicate (1) the annual operational carbon intensity increased by 1.4% and 2.5% in China and India, respectively, between 2000 and 2020. Household expenditure-related energy intensity and emission factors were crucial in decarbonizing residential buildings. (2) Building electrification played a significant role in decarbonizing space cooling (–87.7 in China and – 130.2 kg of carbon dioxide (kgCO₂) per household in India) and appliances (~ –169.7 in China and ~ –43.4 kgCO₂ per household in India). (3) China and India collectively decarbonized 1498.3 and 399.7 M-tons of CO₂ in residential building operations, respectively. In terms of decarbonization intensity, India (164.8 kgCO₂ per household) nearly caught up with China (182.5 kgCO₂ per household) in 2020 and is expected to surpass China in the upcoming years, given the country's robust annual growth rate of 7.3%. Overall, this study provides an effective data-driven tool for investigating the building decarbonization potential in China and India, and offers valuable insights for other emerging economies seeking to decarbonize residential buildings in the forthcoming COP28¹ age.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2439962

Journal Information:: Applied Energy, Journal Name: Applied Energy Vol. 352; ISSN 0306-2619

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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