Calcium dissolution in bridgmanite in the Earth’s deep mantle

Ko, Byeongkwan; Greenberg, Eran; Prakapenka, Vitali; Alp, E. Ercan; Bi, Wenli; Meng, Yue; Zhang, Dongzhou; Shim, Sang-Heon

doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05237-4

Calcium dissolution in bridgmanite in the Earth’s deep mantle

Journal Article · Wed Oct 19 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Nature (London)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05237-4· OSTI ID:2426313

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; Bi, Wenli ^[4]; Meng, Yue ^[5]; ^[6]; ^[7]

Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States); Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Center for Advanced Radiation Sources; Soreq Nuclear Research Centre, Yavne (Israel)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Center for Advanced Radiation Sources
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Center for Advanced Radiation Sources; Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI (United States)
Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)

Accurate knowledge of the mineralogy is essential for understanding the lower mantle, which represents more than half of Earth'svolume. CaSiO₃ perovskite is believed to be the third-most-abundant mineral throughout the lower mantle, following bridgmanite and ferropericlase. Here we experimentally show that the calcium solubility in bridgmanite increases steeply at about 2,300 kelvin and above 40 gigapascals to a level sufficient for a complete dissolution of all CaSiO₃ component in pyrolite into bridgmanite, resulting in the disappearance of CaSiO₃ perovskite at depths greater than about 1,800 kilometres along the geotherm. Hence we propose a change from a two-perovskite domain (TPD; bridgmanite plus CaSiO₃ perovskite) at the shallower lower mantle to a single-perovskite domain (SPD; calcium-rich bridgmanite) at the deeper lower mantle. Iron seems to have a key role in increasing the calcium solubility in bridgmanite. The temperature-driven nature can cause large lateral variations in the depth of the TPD-to-SPD change in response to temperature variations (by more than 500 kilometres). Furthermore, the SPD should have been thicker in the past when the mantle was warmer. Our finding requires revision of the deep-mantle mineralogy models and will have an impact on our understanding of the composition, structure, dynamics and evolution of the region.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division (CSGB); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; FG02-99ER45775; FG02-94ER14466

OSTI ID:: 2426313

Journal Information:: Nature (London), Journal Name: Nature (London) Journal Issue: 7934 Vol. 611; ISSN 0028-0836

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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