Investigation of the Effect of Atmospheric Plasma Treatment in Nanofiber and Nanocomposite Membranes for Piezoelectric Applications

Sultana, Papia; Khan, Mujibur; Mandal, Debdyuti; Saadatzi, Mohammadsadegh; Banerjee, Sourav

doi:10.3390/membranes13020231

Investigation of the Effect of Atmospheric Plasma Treatment in Nanofiber and Nanocomposite Membranes for Piezoelectric Applications

Journal Article · Wed Feb 01 04:00:00 EST 2023 · Membranes

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020231· OSTI ID:2421388

Sultana, Papia ^[1]; Khan, Mujibur; ; ;

OSTI

In this work, we report the effect of steady-state atmospheric plasma (Corona discharge) in nanofibers and nanocomposite membranes for piezoelectric applications. The investigation was performed in PVDF (Poly vinylidene fluoride) nanofibers, CNT (Carbon Nanotubes)-reinforced PVDF nanocomposites, and PAN (Poly acrylonitrile) nanofiber membranes. Steady-state plasma was generated with a high voltage power source with 1 mA discharge current output and 6 kV discharge voltage, and the gap between tip and the material was maintained to be 1 cm. For the fabrication of nanofibers and nanocomposite membranes, an electrospinning method was used. The electrospinning parameters, such as flow rate and voltage, were optimally tuned for obtaining uniform nanofibers and nanomembranes. Along with the plasma treatment, heat treatment above the glass transition temperature was also conducted on the nanofiber membranes. Using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the morphology of the nanofibers was observed. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) demonstrated the polycrystallinity of the nanofibers. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of the PVDF nanofibers shows a peak at 796 cm−1 representing α-phase (C-H rocking) in the control sample which is absent in the treated samples. Raman spectroscopy of PVDF nanofibers identifies a Raman shift from 873 cm−1 to 877 cm−1 (denoting β-phase) for plasma-treated samples only. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) concludes that the intensity of the free radicals increases from 1.37 to 1.46 (a.u.) after plasma treatment. Then, sensors were fabricated from the PVDF nanofibers, MWCNT-reinforced PVDF nanofibers, and PAN nanofibers to characterize their piezoelectric properties. The impact test results showed that the atmospheric plasma and heat-treated samples had 86%, 277%, and 92% increases of the d33 value (piezoelectric coefficient) in the case of PVDF nanofibers, MWCNT-reinforced nanofibers, and PAN nanofibers, respectively. It was also observed that the capacitance of the nanofiber membranes has increased due to the plasma treatment.

Research Organization:: Advent Innovations Ltd. Co., Columbia, SC (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

DOE Contract Number:: SC0019991

OSTI ID:: 2421388

Journal Information:: Membranes, Journal Name: Membranes Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 13; ISSN 2077-0375; ISSN MBSEB6

Publisher:: MDPI

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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